Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Department of Physiology, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2012 Dec 15;53(12):2218-28. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.09.035. Epub 2012 Sep 29.
Dynamic change in mitochondrial shape is a cellular process mediated mainly by fission and fusion of mitochondria. Studies have shown that mitochondrial fission and fusion are directly and indirectly associated with mitochondrial maintenance, bioenergetic demand, and cell death. Changes in mitochondrial morphology are frequently observed in response to changes in the surrounding cellular milieu, such as metabolic flux, that influence cellular bioenergetics. Connections between morphological regulation and the bioenergetic status of mitochondria are emerging as reciprocally responsive processes, though the nature of the signaling remains to be defined. Given the pivotal role mitochondria play in cellular fate, tight regulation of fission and fusion is therefore critical to preserving normal cellular physiology. Here we describe recent advancements in the understanding of the mechanisms governing mitochondrial morphology and their emerging role in mitochondrial bioenergetics.
线粒体形态的动态变化是一个主要由线粒体的分裂和融合介导的细胞过程。研究表明，线粒体的分裂和融合与线粒体的维持、生物能量需求和细胞死亡直接和间接相关。线粒体形态的变化通常是对周围细胞环境变化的反应，如影响细胞生物能量的代谢通量。形态调节与线粒体生物能量状态之间的联系正在成为相互响应的过程，尽管信号的性质仍有待确定。鉴于线粒体在细胞命运中起着关键作用，因此，分裂和融合的严格调节对于维持正常的细胞生理功能至关重要。在这里，我们描述了在理解控制线粒体形态的机制方面的最新进展及其在线粒体生物能量学中的新兴作用。
