J Sport Rehabil. 2019 Oct 29;29(7):886-896. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0097. Print 2020 Sep 1.
Hip pain is associated with reduced hip muscle strength, range of movement (ROM), and decreased postural stability. Single-leg squat is a reliable and valid method to measure dynamic balance.
To evaluate the influence of physical characteristics and use of a decline board on squat performance in a hip pain population.
Cross-sectional study setting. Clinical Patients: In total, 33 individuals scheduled for arthroscopic hip surgery were matched with 33 healthy controls.
Hip and ankle ROM, hip strength, and trunk endurance were assessed, along with knee and trunk kinematics during squat on flat and 25° decline surfaces.
Between-group and surface differences in alignment, between-group strength and ROM, and associations between alignment and physical characteristics were assessed and determined using mixed model analysis of variance and Pearson R.
The hip pain group had significantly less strength and ROM for all directions except abduction strength and ankle dorsiflexion (P > .02). No differences existed between the 2 groups for trunk (P < .70) or knee displacement (P < .46) during squat on either surface. When the 2 groups were combined (n = 66), decline squat significantly reduced knee medial displacement in both limbs by approximately 1 cm (P < .01). Decline squat reduced trunk lateral movement on 1 side only (P = .03). Reduced knee displacement during decline squat showed fair association with less hip-extension strength (r = -.29), hip-flexion strength (r = -.25), and less dorsiflexion (r = -.24). Strength and range were not associated with trunk displacement.
Decline squat reduced medial knee and lateral trunk displacement regardless of hip pain. Reductions may be greater in those with lesser hip muscle strength and dorsiflexion. Use of a decline board during squat for improving knee and trunk alignment should be considered as a goal of exercise intervention.
髋部疼痛与髋关节肌肉力量下降、活动范围（ROM）减小以及姿势稳定性降低有关。单腿深蹲是一种可靠且有效的方法，可用于测量动态平衡。
评估身体特征和使用降坡板对髋痛人群深蹲表现的影响。
横断面研究设置。临床患者：共有 33 名计划接受关节镜髋关节手术的患者与 33 名健康对照者相匹配。
评估髋部和踝关节 ROM、髋关节力量和躯干耐力，以及在平地上和 25°降坡表面进行深蹲时的膝关节和躯干运动学。
评估并确定组间和表面的对线差异、组间的力量和 ROM 差异，以及对线与身体特征之间的关联，采用混合模型方差分析和 Pearson R。
髋痛组在所有方向的力量和 ROM 均显著低于对照组，除了外展力量和踝关节背屈（P >.02）。两组在平地上进行深蹲时，躯干（P <.70）或膝关节位移（P <.46）无差异。当两组（n = 66）合并时，在降坡深蹲时，双侧膝关节内侧位移均显著减少约 1cm（P <.01）。仅单侧降坡深蹲减少了躯干侧向运动（P =.03）。降坡深蹲时膝关节位移减少与髋关节伸展力量（r = -.29）、髋关节屈曲力量（r = -.25）和背屈减少（r = -.24）呈中等关联。力量和范围与躯干位移无关。
无论是否存在髋痛，降坡深蹲均减少了膝关节内侧和躯干侧向位移。那些髋关节肌肉力量和背屈较小的人，减少幅度可能更大。在深蹲时使用降坡板改善膝关节和躯干对线应作为运动干预的目标。
