Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Dietetics, University of Bologna, Italy.
Sleep Med. 2019 Dec;64:85-91. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.06.018. Epub 2019 Jul 5.
To describe the video-polysomnographic (VPSG) features of the night eating syndrome (NES), exploring the existence of potential subtypes.
In this study, 20 consecutive patients with NES according to the most recent diagnostic criteria underwent an overnight VPSG. None of them presented with a sleep-related eating disorder (SRED). VPSG recordings were reviewed identifying all eating episodes. For each episode, eating latency (time delay from awakening to food intake), eating duration (time between eating onset to eating offset) and sleep latency after eating offset (time delay from eating offset to sleep) were calculated. Total episode duration was considered as the time between awakening and sleep latency after eating offset.
Ten patients fulfilled the A1 core criterion for NES (evening hyperphagia with consumption of at least 25% of the daily caloric intake after the evening meal); within this group, eight patients also fulfilled the A2 criterion (at least two episodes of nocturnal eating per week) and were thus included in the evening hyperphagia (EH) subgroup. The remaining 10 patients satisfied only the A2 core criterion for NES, constituting the nocturnal ingestion (NI) subgroup. We recorded 20 eating episodes, seven in the EH group and 13 in the NI group. In the EH subgroup, three eating episodes occurred before sleep onset, one after an awakening from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) stage 1 sleep, two from NREM stage 2 and one from REM sleep. All 13 NI episodes occurred after an awakening from sleep (1 from NREM stage 1 sleep, 8 from NREM stage 2 and four from NREM stage 3). In EH patients, eating latency, total episode duration and sleep latency after eating offset were significantly longer than in NI patients.
Our VPSG data from a case series of 20 patients referred to our center for nocturnal eating indicate potential different NES subtypes. This distinction may have an impact on patients' treatment and follow-up.
描述夜间进食综合征（NES）的视频多导睡眠图（VPSG）特征，探索潜在的亚型存在。
本研究连续纳入 20 例根据最新诊断标准诊断为 NES 的患者，均未出现与睡眠相关的进食障碍（SRED）。对所有患者进行了一夜 VPSG 监测，回顾性分析 VPSG 记录以识别所有的进食事件。对于每个事件，计算进食潜伏期（从觉醒到进食的时间延迟）、进食持续时间（从进食开始到结束的时间）和进食结束后的睡眠潜伏期（从进食结束到睡眠的时间延迟）。总发作持续时间被定义为从觉醒到进食结束后的睡眠潜伏期的时间。
10 例患者满足 NES 的 A1 核心标准（晚餐后至少 25%的每日热量摄入的夜间过度进食）；其中 8 例患者也满足 A2 标准（每周至少两次夜间进食），因此被纳入夜间过度进食（EH）亚组。其余 10 例患者仅满足 NES 的 A2 核心标准，构成夜间摄入（NI）亚组。我们共记录了 20 次进食事件，其中 7 次发生在 EH 组，13 次发生在 NI 组。在 EH 亚组中，3 次进食发生在睡眠前，1 次发生在非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠 1 期觉醒后，2 次发生在 NREM 睡眠 2 期，1 次发生在 REM 睡眠。NI 组的所有 13 次进食均发生在睡眠觉醒后（1 次发生在 NREM 睡眠 1 期，8 次发生在 NREM 睡眠 2 期，4 次发生在 NREM 睡眠 3 期）。EH 患者的进食潜伏期、总发作持续时间和进食结束后的睡眠潜伏期显著长于 NI 患者。
我们对 20 例因夜间进食而就诊于我们中心的患者的 VPSG 数据进行了分析，提示可能存在不同的 NES 亚型。这种区分可能会对患者的治疗和随访产生影响。
