Muscatello Maria Rosaria Anna, Torre Giovanna, Celebre Laura, Dell'Osso Bernardo, Mento Carmela, Zoccali Rocco Antonio, Bruno Antonio
Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2022 Feb;56(2):120-136. doi: 10.1177/00048674211025714. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
First described in 1955, night eating syndrome refers to an abnormal eating behavior clinically defined by the presence of evening hyperphagia (>25% of daily caloric intake) and/or nocturnal awaking with food ingestion occurring ⩾ 2 times per week.
Although the syndrome is frequently comorbid with obesity, metabolic and psychiatric disorders, its etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, assessment and treatment still remain not fully understood.
This review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines; PubMed database was searched until 31 October 2020, using the key terms: 'Night Eating Syndrome' AND 'complications' OR 'diagnosis' OR 'drug therapy' OR 'epidemiology' OR 'etiology' OR 'physiology' OR 'physiopathology' OR 'psychology' OR 'therapy'.
From a total of 239 citations, 120 studies assessing night eating syndrome met the inclusion criteria to be included in the review.
The inclusion of night eating syndrome into the -5 'Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders' category should drive the attention of clinician and researchers toward this syndrome that is still defined by evolving diagnostic criteria. The correct identification and assessment of NES could facilitate the detection and the diagnosis of this disorder, whose bio-psycho-social roots support its multifactorial nature. The significant rates of comorbid illnesses associated with NES and the overlapping symptoms with other eating disorders require a focused clinical attention. Treatment options for night eating syndrome include both pharmacological (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, topiramate and melatonergic drugs) and non-pharmachological approaches; the combination of such strategies within a multidisciplinary approach should be addressed in future, well-sized and long-term studies.
夜食综合征于1955年首次被描述，是指一种异常进食行为，临床上定义为晚餐时食量过大（超过每日热量摄入的25%）和/或每周至少2次夜间醒来进食。
尽管该综合征常与肥胖、代谢和精神疾病共病，但其病因、诊断、评估和治疗仍未完全明确。
本综述按照PRISMA（系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目）指南进行；检索PubMed数据库至2020年10月31日，使用关键词：“夜食综合征”和“并发症”或“诊断”或“药物治疗”或“流行病学”或“病因”或“生理学”或“病理生理学”或“心理学”或“治疗”。
在总共239条引用文献中，120项评估夜食综合征的研究符合纳入标准，被纳入本综述。
将夜食综合征纳入“其他特定的喂养或进食障碍”类别应引起临床医生和研究人员对该综合征的关注，其诊断标准仍在不断演变。正确识别和评估夜食综合征有助于该疾病的检测和诊断，其生物 - 心理 - 社会根源支持其多因素性质。与夜食综合征相关的共病发生率较高以及与其他进食障碍症状重叠，需要临床重点关注。夜食综合征的治疗选择包括药物治疗（选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂、托吡酯和褪黑素能药物）和非药物治疗方法；未来应在规模适当的长期研究中探讨在多学科方法中联合使用这些策略。
