胶质细胞在衰老和脑部疾病中的作用。
Function of Glia in Aging and the Brain Diseases.
机构信息
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain.
University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA.
出版信息
Int J Med Sci. 2019 Oct 5;16(11):1473-1479. doi: 10.7150/ijms.37769. eCollection 2019.
Microglia cells during aging, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation show different morphological and transcriptional profiles (related to axonal direction and cell adhesion). Furthermore, expressions of the receptors on the surface and actin formation compared to young are also different. This review delves into the role of glia during aging and the development of the diseases. The susceptibility of different regions of the brain to disease are linked to the overstimulation of signals related to the immune system during aging, as well as the damaging impact of these cascades on the functionality of different populations of microglia present in each region of the brain. Furthermore, a decrease in microglial phagocytosis has been related to many diseases and also has been detected during aging. In this paper we also describe the role of glia in different illness, such as AD, ALS, pain related disorders, cancer, developmental disorders and the problems produced by opening of the blood brain barrier. Future studies will clarify many points planted by this review.
衰老、神经退行性变和神经炎症期间的小胶质细胞显示出不同的形态和转录特征（与轴突方向和细胞黏附有关）。此外，与年轻细胞相比，表面受体的表达和肌动蛋白的形成也不同。本综述深入探讨了胶质细胞在衰老和疾病发展中的作用。不同脑区对疾病的易感性与衰老过程中与免疫系统相关的信号过度刺激有关，以及这些级联反应对存在于大脑每个区域的不同小胶质细胞群体的功能的破坏性影响有关。此外，小胶质细胞吞噬作用的下降与许多疾病有关，并且在衰老过程中也被检测到。在本文中，我们还描述了胶质细胞在不同疾病中的作用，如 AD、ALS、与疼痛相关的疾病、癌症、发育障碍以及血脑屏障开放引起的问题。未来的研究将阐明本综述提出的许多观点。
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