Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, Brno, Czech Republic.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Jan;256:113468. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113468. Epub 2019 Oct 25.
The increasing content of platinum group metal particles emitted into the environment by car traffic is gradually attracting the attention of the scientific community. However, the methods for the determination of platinum group metals in environmental matrices are either costly or suffer from low sensitivity. To facilitate the use of less sensitive, but significantly cheaper, devices, the preconcentration of platinum group metals is employed. For platinum, a multitude of preconcentration approaches have been published. On the contrary, the preconcentration approaches for palladium are still rare. In this work, the development, optimization, and testing of a new approach is described; it is based on a preconcentration of palladium on octadecyl modified silica gel together with the complexing agent dimethylglyoxime, and it is then analyzed with the high-resolution continuum-source atomic absorption spectrometry. For comparison, a newly developed sorbent, QuadraSil™ TA, with a high affinity for platinum group metals was also tested. The preconcentraiton approach was tested on the lichen Hypogymnia physodes, which served as a bioindicator of palladium emissions. The case study site was a mid-sized city in central Europe: Brno, Czech Republic. The dry "bag" monitoring technique was used to collect the palladium near roads with a large span of traffic density. The developed analytical approach confirmed an increasing concentration of palladium with increasing exposure time and intensity of the traffic. Consequently, a simple relationship between the amount of bioaccumulated palladium and traffic density was established.
交通排放到环境中的铂族金属颗粒含量的增加逐渐引起了科学界的关注。然而，用于测定环境基质中铂族金属的方法要么成本高，要么灵敏度低。为了方便使用灵敏度较低但价格便宜得多的设备，采用了铂族金属的预浓缩方法。对于铂，已经发表了许多预浓缩方法。相反，钯的预浓缩方法仍然很少。在这项工作中，描述了一种新方法的开发、优化和测试；它基于钯在十八烷基改性硅胶上的预浓缩，以及与二甲基乙二肟络合剂的络合，然后用高分辨率连续光源原子吸收光谱法进行分析。为了进行比较，还测试了一种新开发的对铂族金属具有高亲和力的吸附剂 QuadraSil™ TA。该预浓缩方法在苔藓 Hypogymnia physodes 上进行了测试，该苔藓是钯排放的生物标志物。案例研究地点是欧洲中部的一个中等城市：捷克共和国的布尔诺。使用干“袋”监测技术在交通密度跨度大的道路附近收集钯。所开发的分析方法证实，随着暴露时间和交通强度的增加，钯的浓度也在增加。因此，建立了生物累积钯的量与交通密度之间的简单关系。
