Richner B, Hof E, Prader A
Helv Paediatr Acta. 1979;34(5):443-7.
From 97 children with bacteriologically confirmed Haemophilus influenzae meningitis, 39 were treated with chloramphenicol (before 1970) and 58 with ampicillin (since 1970). In 1977 all patients were followed up with history, clinical examination, and audiometry. Sensorineural hearing defect was found in 5 chloramphenicol patients and in 10 ampicillin patients. Of the 82 patients for whom treatment was begun within 48 h of onset of symptoms, only two showed hearing deficit, while 13 of the 15 patients in whom treatment was begun later suffered from hearing impairment. It appears that it is not the antibiotic, but the delay between onset of symptoms and start of therapy, that is decisive for the occurrence of inner ear impairment.
在97例经细菌学确诊的流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎患儿中，39例（1970年以前）接受了氯霉素治疗，58例（1970年以后）接受了氨苄西林治疗。1977年，对所有患者进行了病史、临床检查和听力测定随访。发现5例接受氯霉素治疗的患者和10例接受氨苄西林治疗的患者出现了感音神经性听力缺陷。在症状出现后48小时内开始治疗的82例患者中，只有2例出现听力缺陷，而在症状出现后较晚开始治疗的15例患者中有13例出现听力损害。看来，决定内耳损伤发生的不是抗生素，而是症状出现与治疗开始之间的延迟。
