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将感官评价与消费者研究相结合以实现叶用甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)的战略改良

Bridging Sensory Evaluation and Consumer Research for Strategic Leafy Brassica (Brassica oleracea) Improvement.

作者信息

Swegarden Hannah, Stelick Alina, Dando Robin, Griffiths Phillip D

机构信息

Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell AgriTech at NYSAES, Cornell Univ., Geneva, NY, U.S.A.

Sensory Evaluation Center, Dept. of Food Science, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.

出版信息

J Food Sci. 2019 Dec;84(12):3746-3762. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.14831. Epub 2019 Nov 4.

Abstract

Plant breeders working with new or underrepresented horticultural crops often have minimal sensory resources available to aid in the breeding and selection of new varieties. Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) is a recently popularized horticultural crop in Western markets, however, plant breeding programs have little knowledge regarding the underlying sensory characteristics motivating this trend. We employed a multilayered, sensory-driven approach to understand the inherent consumer values, sensory attributes, and consumer preferences for kale types currently available on the market and novel genotypes from the Cornell AgriTech vegetable breeding program. Underlying consumer values related to storability, health and wellbeing, and sensory characteristics were identified through Qualitative Multivariate Analysis (QMA). A trained descriptive panel developed a lexicon of 44 sensory attributes common within kale germplasm, 21 of which exhibited significant differences among the 15 tested kale genotypes. Following a consumer test, four clusters of kale consumers were identified with agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and external preference mapping was used to connect consumer hedonic scores with descriptive data. Consumers demonstrated a preference for familiar kale types (that is, curly types), while new test hybrids scored favorably within flavor and appearance modalities. Preference mapping highlighted the utility of plant breeding in developing products to expand the existing sensory space. This work provides important resources for horticultural crop selection efforts, and it serves as a strategic model for breeding programs working with new or unfamiliar traits. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Plant breeders are responsible for selecting and improving traits that influence consumer acceptance, including quality traits such as appearance and flavor. Understanding the relative importance of sensory characteristics and the variation of these sensory characteristics can help plant breeders prioritize these traits within their program. We have developed a standardized sensory lexicon for kale and related leafy Brassicas, identified variation for texture and flavor in our breeding program, and gained a better understanding of consumer preferences to guide future breeding efforts.

摘要

从事新型或未充分研究的园艺作物育种工作的植物育种者,通常可利用的感官资源极少,难以辅助新品种的培育和选择。羽衣甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var. acephala)是西方市场上最近流行起来的园艺作物,然而,植物育种项目对推动这一趋势的潜在感官特性知之甚少。我们采用了一种多层次、感官驱动的方法,来了解市场上现有羽衣甘蓝品种以及康奈尔农业科技蔬菜育种项目中的新型基因型的内在消费者价值、感官属性和消费者偏好。通过定性多变量分析(QMA)确定了与耐储存性、健康和幸福感以及感官特性相关的潜在消费者价值。一个经过培训的描述性小组编制了一份羽衣甘蓝种质中常见的44种感官属性词汇表,其中21种在15个测试的羽衣甘蓝基因型中表现出显著差异。在进行消费者测试后,通过凝聚层次聚类(AHC)确定了四类羽衣甘蓝消费者,并使用外部偏好映射将消费者享乐评分与描述性数据联系起来。消费者表现出对常见羽衣甘蓝类型(即卷曲型)的偏好,而新的测试杂交品种在风味和外观方面得分较高。偏好映射突出了植物育种在开发产品以扩展现有感官空间方面的作用。这项工作为园艺作物选择工作提供了重要资源,并为处理新性状或不熟悉性状的育种项目提供了一个战略模型。实际应用:植物育种者负责选择和改良影响消费者接受度的性状,包括外观和风味等品质性状。了解感官特性的相对重要性以及这些感官特性的变化,有助于植物育种者在其项目中对这些性状进行优先排序。我们为羽衣甘蓝和相关叶用芸苔属植物开发了一个标准化的感官词汇表,确定了我们育种项目中质地和风味的变异,并更好地了解了消费者偏好,以指导未来的育种工作。

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