Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
UChicago STEM Education, Outlier Research and Evaluation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Child Obes. 2020 Aug;16(S1):S55-S63. doi: 10.1089/chi.2019.0105. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
In early childhood, the family dietary and activity environment and parent food-related practices have been found to be important predictors of children's weight. However, few studies account for both of these factors, or the interaction between the 2, when assessing BMI in early childhood. This study aims to examine the association between the family-based dietary and activity environment (including intake, physical activity, and structure) and children's BMI z-scores in the context of parent food-related behaviors in low-income families during the preschool years. Parents ( = 111) completed questionnaires assessing the family-based dietary and activity environment, including diet, physical activity, screentime and sleep, and their use of parent food-related behaviors including parent-centered (, controlling) and child-centered (, autonomy supportive) practices. Children's BMI z-scores were calculated from researcher-measured height and weight. Parent-centered food-related behaviors were directly related to children's BMI z-scores and moderated the association between the family-based dietary and activity environment and children's BMI z-scores. Family-based behaviors were associated with lower BMI only when parents used fewer parent-centered behaviors. Findings indicate that programs working with low-income families to prevent child obesity should stress both the creation of a healthy home environment and the use of positive parent food-related behaviors with preschool aged children.
在儿童早期，家庭饮食和活动环境以及父母与食物相关的行为已被发现是儿童体重的重要预测因素。然而，在评估儿童早期 BMI 时，很少有研究同时考虑这两个因素，或这两个因素之间的相互作用。本研究旨在探讨低收入家庭中父母与食物相关行为背景下，基于家庭的饮食和活动环境（包括摄入、身体活动和结构）与儿童 BMI 得分之间的关联。家长（n=111）完成了调查问卷，评估了基于家庭的饮食和活动环境，包括饮食、身体活动、屏幕时间和睡眠，以及他们使用的与食物相关的父母行为，包括以父母为中心（控制）和以孩子为中心（支持自主性）的行为。儿童的 BMI z 分数是由研究人员测量的身高和体重计算得出的。以父母为中心的食物相关行为与儿童的 BMI z 分数直接相关，并调节了基于家庭的饮食和活动环境与儿童的 BMI z 分数之间的关系。只有当父母较少使用以父母为中心的行为时，基于家庭的行为才与较低的 BMI 相关。研究结果表明，与低收入家庭合作以预防儿童肥胖的项目应强调为家庭创造健康环境和对学龄前儿童使用积极的与食物相关的父母行为。
