Al Mana Hassan, Yassine Hadi M, Younes Nadin N, Al-Mohannadi Anjud, Al-Sadeq Duaa W, Alhababi Dalal, Nasser Elham A, Nasrallah Gheyath K
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, PO Box 2713, Qatar.
Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, PO Box 2713, Qatar.
Pathogens. 2019 Oct 31;8(4):213. doi: 10.3390/pathogens8040213.
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly prevalent herpesvirus worldwide. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), CMV infects people of all ages, and by the age of five, approximately one-third of children in the United States are infected. Although the infection is generally asymptomatic, it can cause severe disease in immunocompromised patients, transplant and transfusion recipients, as well as newborn neonates. The objective of this study is to systematically review published literature on CMV in the MENA region to estimate its incidence in the region and describe its epidemiological and clinical significance. The literature was searched through four scientific databases: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science. A total of 72 studies from 11 countries satisfied the inclusion criteria, covering a period from 1988-2019. The CMV IgG seroprevalence ranged from 8.7%-99.2% (SD = 38.95%). CMV incidence in these countries ranged between 1.22% and 77% in transplant and transfusion recipients, with an increase in incidence with advanced age. However, the incidence rate was unclear for congenital CMV due to the variability of the reporting. This review highlights the need for more robust and well-designed studies to better estimate CMV incidence in the MENA region, standardize diagnostic criteria, and consider prophylactic and pre-emptive treatments to limit the morbidity and mortality of the disease.
人巨细胞病毒（CMV）是一种在全球广泛流行的疱疹病毒。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）和世界卫生组织（WHO）的数据，CMV可感染各年龄段人群，在美国，约三分之一的儿童在五岁前受到感染。虽然该感染通常无症状，但在免疫功能低下的患者、移植和输血受者以及新生儿中，它可导致严重疾病。本研究的目的是系统回顾中东和北非地区（MENA）已发表的关于CMV的文献，以估计该地区CMV的发病率，并描述其流行病学和临床意义。通过四个科学数据库进行文献检索：PubMed、Scopus、ScienceDirect和Web of Science。来自11个国家的72项研究符合纳入标准，涵盖1988年至2019年期间。CMV IgG血清阳性率在8.7%至99.2%之间（标准差=38.95%）。这些国家移植和输血受者中CMV的发病率在1.22%至77%之间，且发病率随年龄增长而增加。然而，由于报告的变异性，先天性CMV的发病率尚不清楚。本综述强调需要开展更有力且设计良好的研究，以更好地估计中东和北非地区CMV的发病率，规范诊断标准，并考虑采取预防性和先发制性治疗措施，以降低该疾病的发病率和死亡率。
