Semin Gün R, Scandurra Anna, Baragli Paolo, Lanatà Antonio, D'Aniello Biagio
Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
William James Center for Research, ISPA-Instituto Universitario, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Oct 31;9(11):887. doi: 10.3390/ani9110887.
Human body odors contain chemosignals that make species-specific communication possible. Such communication is without communicative intent and is generally below the threshold of consciousness. Human recipients of these chemosignals produced during emotional conditions display a simulacrum of the emotional state under which the chemosignal was produced. The investigation of an inter-species transfer of emotions via chemosignals was initiated by considerations of the historically anchored interdependence between humans and domesticated species, such as dogs and horses. Indeed, experiments with dogs have demonstrated that human body odors produced under emotional conditions of happiness and fear led dogs to manifest corresponding emotions to those experienced by humans. Preliminary data from horses also show that human body odors collected under fear and happiness conditions activate the autonomic nervous system of horses differentially. These studies indicate the possibility of a road to open our understanding of inter-species emotional communication via chemosignals.
人体气味包含使物种特异性交流成为可能的化学信号。这种交流没有交流意图,通常处于意识阈值以下。在情绪状态下产生的这些化学信号的人类接收者会表现出产生该化学信号时情绪状态的模拟。对通过化学信号进行跨物种情绪传递的研究是出于对人类与狗和马等家养物种之间历史悠久的相互依存关系的考虑而启动的。事实上,对狗的实验表明,在快乐和恐惧等情绪状态下产生的人体气味会使狗表现出与人类所经历的相应情绪。来自马的初步数据也表明,在恐惧和快乐条件下收集的人体气味会以不同方式激活马的自主神经系统。这些研究表明,有可能开辟一条道路,让我们通过化学信号来理解跨物种的情绪交流。