The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
J Gambl Stud. 2020 Dec;36(4):1379-1390. doi: 10.1007/s10899-019-09905-5.
Although age-related differences have been reported in gambling disorder, prior studies have not examined how age may influence recovery in gambling disorder. Recovery may be influenced by positive factors (e.g., spirituality and recovery capital) and negative factors (e.g., depression, anxiety, and stressful life events). The current study examined associations between these positive and negative factors and gambling disorder DSM-5 symptom improvement in younger and older adults. Younger (less than 55 years of age; n = 86) and older (55 years or older; n = 54) adults, with lifetime gambling disorder treated currently or within the past 5 years in five treatment centers in Israel were assessed using structured scales on past-year and lifetime DSM-5 gambling disorder, intrinsic spirituality, recovery capital, anxiety, depression and stressful life-events. Among younger adults, recovery capital and intrinsic spirituality were associated with gambling disorder symptom improvement. Among older adults, only recovery capital was associated with gambling disorder symptom improvement. Correlations between recovery capital and spirituality (z = 2.34, p = 0.02) and recovery capital and stressful life events (z = 2.29, p = 0.02) were stronger in younger than in older adults. Recovery capital is an important resource that should be considered across older and younger adults with gambling disorder. Spirituality and stressful life events may operate differently across age groups in gambling disorder. Future studies should investigate whether the findings may extend to other groups and the extent to which promoting recovery capital should be integrated into treatments for gambling disorder.
尽管已经报道了赌博障碍与年龄相关的差异，但先前的研究并未探讨年龄如何影响赌博障碍的康复。康复可能受到积极因素（例如，精神信仰和康复资本）和消极因素（例如，抑郁、焦虑和生活压力事件）的影响。本研究考察了这些积极和消极因素与年龄较小和较大的成年人的赌博障碍 DSM-5 症状改善之间的关联。在以色列的五个治疗中心，对当前或过去 5 年内接受过治疗的有终身赌博障碍的年轻（<55 岁；n=86）和老年（55 岁或以上；n=54）成年人，使用过去一年和终身 DSM-5 赌博障碍、内在精神信仰、康复资本、焦虑、抑郁和生活压力事件的结构化量表进行评估。在年轻成年人中，康复资本和内在精神信仰与赌博障碍症状改善相关。在老年成年人中，只有康复资本与赌博障碍症状改善相关。康复资本与精神信仰（z=2.34，p=0.02）和康复资本与生活压力事件（z=2.29，p=0.02）之间的相关性在年轻成年人中比在老年成年人中更强。康复资本是一个重要的资源，应该在年龄较小和较大的赌博障碍成年人中都要考虑到。精神信仰和生活压力事件在赌博障碍中可能在不同年龄组中具有不同的作用。未来的研究应该调查这些发现是否可以扩展到其他群体，以及在多大程度上应该将促进康复资本纳入赌博障碍的治疗中。
