1 The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
2 Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
J Behav Addict. 2022 Jun 29;11(2):600-606. doi: 10.1556/2006.2022.00040. Print 2022 Jul 13.
Recovery is a challenge for individuals coping with a gambling disorder (GD). Recovery capital (RC) is a conceptual framework describing positive external and internal (e.g., human, social, community and financial) resources that promote recovery. Negative RC relates to external and internal obstacles to recovery. To date, no scale has captured both positive and negative RC items in the gambling field. Based on the RC framework, this pilot study aimed to develop The Holistic Recovery Capital in Gambling Disorder (HRC-GD) instrument, and to explore its associations with recovery status, measures of psychopathology and happiness. We hypothesized that higher HRC-GD scores will be positively related to recovery and subjective happiness, but negatively linked to depression, anxiety, and gambling severity.
Recovered and non-recovered individuals with a lifetime DSM-5 GD (n = 164) completed the HRC-GD instrument, the DSM-5 GD diagnostic criteria, and measures of depression, anxiety, and subjective happiness.
Through a process of item reduction, which included a principal components analysis, 19 items were retained. Since exploratory factor analysis (EFA) yielded uninterpretable findings, an index score reflecting human, financial, community, and social resources and obstacles was calculated. HRC-GD index scores were negatively correlated with anxiety, depression, and GD symptom severity, but positively related with subjective happiness. Index scores were significantly associated with recovery status.
The HRC-GD index holds promise as a new tool for measuring RC in GD. Additional research is needed to validate this index using larger and more ethnically and gender diverse clinical and community samples of individuals with GD.
对于患有赌博障碍（GD）的个体来说，康复是一个挑战。康复资本（RC）是一个描述积极的外部和内部资源（如人力、社会、社区和财务）的概念框架，这些资源可以促进康复。消极的 RC 与康复的外部和内部障碍有关。迄今为止，还没有一个量表能够在赌博领域同时捕捉到积极和消极的 RC 项目。基于 RC 框架，本试点研究旨在开发赌博障碍综合康复资本（HRC-GD）量表，并探讨其与康复状况、精神病理学和幸福感的测量结果之间的关系。我们假设，更高的 HRC-GD 分数将与康复和主观幸福感呈正相关，但与抑郁、焦虑和赌博严重程度呈负相关。
有终生 DSM-5 GD 的康复和非康复个体（n=164）完成了 HRC-GD 量表、DSM-5 GD 诊断标准以及抑郁、焦虑和主观幸福感的测量。
通过一个项目删减过程，包括主成分分析，保留了 19 个项目。由于探索性因素分析（EFA）得出的结果不可解释，因此计算了一个反映人力、财务、社区和社会资源和障碍的指标分数。HRC-GD 指标分数与焦虑、抑郁和 GD 症状严重程度呈负相关，但与主观幸福感呈正相关。指标分数与康复状况显著相关。
HRC-GD 指标有望成为衡量 GD 中 RC 的新工具。需要使用更大的、具有更多种族和性别多样性的 GD 临床和社区样本，对该指标进行进一步验证。
