Barbato D, De Lillo F, La Torre G, Cardoni F, De Giusti M
Department of Public health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome.
Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences - Occupational Medicine Research Unit.
Clin Ter. 2019 Nov-Dec;170(6):e430-e434. doi: 10.7417/CT.2019.2172.
Healthcare workers and Biomedical students are continuously exposed to biological risk in their clinical practice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of an Italian questionnaire on the knowledge and perception of biological risk in Biomedical students at the beginning of their professional training.
An electronic questionnaire was administered to students attending the second semester of the first year of Biomedical Courses at Sapienza University of Rome. The questionnaire consists of 40 questions divided into five sections collecting sociodemographic data, health status and level of knowledge and perception of biological risk. The statistical analysis was performed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.
A total of 309 individuals answered the online questionnaire, with a response rate of 83.5%. The analysis of internal consistency was performed by two dichotomous variables that measured the knowledge level on hygiene behaviour and gloves use. The analysis showed a standardized Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.765, corresponding to a good reliability. A better reliability was found out among physiotherapy and medical students, with a Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.944 and 0.881, respectively. Regarding vaccines, 97.7% of the sample was given a Hepatitis B vaccination and 98.7% of students consider vaccinations essential for healthcare workers.
Results of Cronbach's alpha showed a good reliability of the questionnaire. First-year Biomedical students may be exposed to occupational biological risk mainly because of their inexperience. A training educational path should be implemented in order to acquire competences, knowledge, attitudes and practical skills, correct behaviors and a personal and professional responsibility.
医护人员和生物医学专业学生在临床实践中持续面临生物风险。本研究的目的是评估一份意大利语问卷在生物医学专业学生职业培训开始时对生物风险知识和认知的有效性和可靠性。
对罗马第一大学医学与外科学系生物医学课程一年级第二学期的学生进行了电子问卷调查。问卷由40个问题组成，分为五个部分，收集社会人口统计学数据、健康状况以及生物风险知识和认知水平。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）25版进行统计分析。
共有309人回答了在线问卷，回复率为83.5%。通过两个二分变量对内部一致性进行分析，这两个变量测量了卫生行为和手套使用方面的知识水平。分析显示标准化的克朗巴哈系数等于0.765，对应良好的可靠性。在物理治疗专业和医学专业学生中发现了更好的可靠性，克朗巴哈系数分别为0.944和0.881。关于疫苗，97.7%的样本接种了乙肝疫苗，98.7%的学生认为疫苗接种对医护人员至关重要。
克朗巴哈系数结果显示问卷具有良好的可靠性。生物医学专业一年级学生可能主要因其经验不足而面临职业生物风险。应实施培训教育路径，以获得能力、知识、态度和实践技能、正确行为以及个人和职业责任感。
