Violence, Injury and Peace Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council-UNISA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Global Health.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2020 Jan 1;45(1):15-33. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsz087.
Children post-burn injury experience a range of psychosocial sequelae that benefit from early provision of psychosocial support. However, no systematic review exists evaluating the full range of psychological interventions.
To critically evaluate psychosocial interventions for children (<18 years old) with burn injuries in improving psychosocial recovery.
All-language studies were identified from inception to March 2018 in six electronic databases and appraised according to PRISMA checklist and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for quality. Studies were stratified into three groups: distraction (virtual reality, child life therapy, imagery-based therapy, hypnosis), burn camps, and other (social skills, cognitive behavioral therapy, parent group counseling).
Out of a total of 5,456 articles identified, 297 underwent full review resulting in 27 included articles published between 1986 and 2018. Sample sizes ranged from 9 to 266, comprising child and adult participants. A range of interventions and psychosocial outcome measures were found. Several studies (n = 21) reported statistically significant improvements in outcome; the majority were distraction interventions to reduce pain and anxiety. A limited number of studies showing effect was found for cognitive behavioral therapy and parent counseling. Risk of bias was high in studies of burn camps and mixed for all other interventions.
A range of psychosocial interventions and outcome tools exist in pediatric burns. Distraction interventions prior to and/or during dressing changes or physical therapy were shown to effectively reduce pain and anxiety for a wide range of pediatric ages.
批判性评估心理社会干预措施对烧伤儿童(<18 岁)在促进心理社会康复方面的作用。
从创建到 2018 年 3 月，在六个电子数据库中确定了所有语言的研究，并根据 PRISMA 清单和 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具进行质量评估。研究分为三组：分散注意力(虚拟现实、儿童生活疗法、基于意象的疗法、催眠)、烧伤营地和其他(社交技能、认知行为疗法、家长小组咨询)。
共确定了 5456 篇文章，其中 297 篇进行了全面审查，最终纳入了 2018 年发表的 27 篇文章。样本量从 9 到 266 不等，包括儿童和成人参与者。研究发现了一系列的干预措施和心理社会结果测量方法。几项研究(n=21)报告了统计学上显著的结果改善；大多数是分散注意力的干预措施，旨在减轻疼痛和焦虑。认知行为疗法和家长咨询显示出效果的研究数量有限。烧伤营地的研究风险较高，而所有其他干预措施的风险则较为混杂。
在儿科烧伤中存在多种心理社会干预措施和结果评估工具。在换药或物理治疗之前和/或期间进行的分散注意力干预措施被证明可以有效地减轻各种年龄段儿童的疼痛和焦虑。
