Oklahoma State University, College for Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, United States; Benha University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Moshtohor 13736, Kaliobyia, Egypt.
Oklahoma State University, College for Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK, United States.
Virus Res. 2020 Jan 15;276:197803. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197803. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), including modified live vaccines, can cause abortions in pregnant cows. Progesterone maintains pregnancy and promotes spermiogenesis and testosterone biosynthesis in males: furthermore, progesterone is a neuro-steroid. Recent published studies demonstrated progesterone stimulated the BoHV-1 immediate early transcription unit 1 (IEtu1) promoter, and two glucocorticoid receptor response elements within the promoter were required for progesterone mediated transactivation. In this study, we tested whether progesterone induces reactivation from latency in rabbits. As expected, the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone consistently induced reactivation from latency in males and females. While progesterone induced reactivation from latency in approximately one-half of male rabbits, virus shedding was sporadic compared to dexamethasone and less efficient in female rabbits. Progesterone significantly increased productive infection in rabbit skin cells, which correlated with stimulating reactivation. These studies suggest progesterone promotes BoHV-1 spread in cattle, in part, by increasing the frequency of reactivation from latency.
牛疱疹病毒 1（BoHV-1），包括改良活疫苗，可导致怀孕母牛流产。孕酮维持妊娠并促进雄性的精子发生和睾酮生物合成：此外，孕酮是一种神经甾体。最近发表的研究表明，孕酮刺激 BoHV-1 立即早期转录单位 1（IEtu1）启动子，并且启动子内的两个糖皮质激素受体反应元件是孕酮介导的反式激活所必需的。在这项研究中，我们测试了孕酮是否会诱导兔潜伏感染的再激活。正如预期的那样，合成皮质类固醇地塞米松始终能诱导雄性和雌性的潜伏感染再激活。虽然孕酮诱导大约一半雄性兔子的潜伏感染再激活，但与地塞米松相比，病毒脱落是散在的，在雌性兔子中效率较低。孕酮显著增加了兔皮肤细胞中的产毒感染，这与刺激再激活有关。这些研究表明，孕酮通过增加潜伏感染的再激活频率，促进牛 BoHV-1 的传播。
