Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Somkhele and Durban, South Africa.
Trop Med Int Health. 2020 Jan;25(1):119-131. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13338.
Despite decades of abandonment efforts, female genital cutting (FGC) prevalence rates in Burkina Faso remain high. We present updated prevalence data from rural adolescents and examine factors associated with FGC receipt and attitudes, testing predictions of social convention and modernisation theory regarding the abandonment process.
We interviewed 1644 adolescents aged 12-20 years from 10 villages and one sector of Nouna town in the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance site in late 2017. Response-weighted prevalence for self-reported FGC receipt, beliefs about religious requirements, and attitudes about abandonment were calculated. We used bivariate regression and two-level hierarchical models to test whether social convention or modernisation theory-related factors predicted current FGC attitudes.
43% of women in our sample reported having undergone FGC; 74% of women and 76% of men believed FGC should be abandoned. The strongest predictors of FGC receipt were religion, ethnicity, the village's FGC rate and mother's education. The strongest predictors of FGC abandonment attitudes were religion, ethnicity, belief that FGC is religiously required, and own FGC status. Males' attitudes were less determined by community factors than females'; females' attitudes were more strongly influenced by factors linked to modernization, such as maternal education and household wealth.
FGC continues to be common in rural and small-town Burkina Faso, and our analysis suggests that social conventions play an important role in its continuation. However, modernisation-related factors were stronger predictors of abandonment attitudes than of FGC status, particularly in adolescent women. The changes these relationships suggest may benefit the next generation of girls.
尽管几十年来一直努力放弃，但布基纳法索的女性生殖器切割（FGC）流行率仍然很高。我们提供了来自农村青少年的最新流行数据，并研究了与 FGC 接受和态度相关的因素，检验了社会习俗和现代化理论在放弃过程中的预测。
我们于 2017 年末在努纳健康和人口监测点的 10 个村庄和努纳镇的一个区采访了 1644 名 12-20 岁的青少年。根据自我报告的 FGC 接受情况、对宗教要求的信仰以及对放弃的态度，计算了响应加权的流行率。我们使用双变量回归和两层层次模型来检验与社会习俗或现代化理论相关的因素是否预测了当前的 FGC 态度。
我们样本中的 43%的女性报告曾接受过 FGC；74%的女性和 76%的男性认为应该放弃 FGC。FGC 接受的最强预测因素是宗教、族裔、村庄的 FGC 率和母亲的教育程度。FGC 放弃态度的最强预测因素是宗教、族裔、相信 FGC 是宗教要求以及自己的 FGC 状况。男性的态度比女性更不受社区因素的影响；女性的态度更受与现代化相关的因素的影响，如母亲的教育和家庭财富。
FGC 在布基纳法索的农村和小镇仍然很常见，我们的分析表明社会习俗在其持续存在中起着重要作用。然而，与现代化相关的因素是放弃态度的更强预测因素，而不是 FGC 状况，尤其是在年轻女性中。这些关系变化可能对下一代女孩有利。
