Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel.
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Nov;30(11):819-832. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.07.007.
Discovery of the satiety hormone leptin in 1994 and its characterization in mammals provided a key tool to deciphering the complex mechanism governing adipose tissue regulation of appetite and energy expenditure. Surprisingly, despite the perfectly logical notion of an energy-storing tissue announcing the amount of fat stores using leptin signaling, alternate mechanisms were chosen in bird evolution. This conclusion emerged based on the recent discovery and characterization of genuine avian leptin - after it had been assumed missing by some, and erroneously identified by others. Critical evaluation of the past and present indications of the role of leptin in Aves provides a new perspective on the evolution of energy-balance control in vertebrates; proposing a regulation strategy alternative to the adipostat mechanism.
1994 年，人们发现了饱腹激素瘦素，并用它来解析控制脂肪组织调节食欲和能量消耗的复杂机制，这为我们提供了一个关键工具。令人惊讶的是，尽管从逻辑上讲，脂肪组织会利用瘦素信号来告知体内脂肪储存量，但在鸟类进化过程中，却选择了其他机制。这一结论是基于最近对真正的禽类瘦素的发现和特性的研究得出的——在此之前，有些人认为禽类瘦素缺失，而另一些人则错误地将其识别出来。对过去和现在有关瘦素在鸟类中作用的指示的批判性评估，为我们提供了一个关于脊椎动物能量平衡控制进化的新视角；提出了一种与脂肪组织机制不同的调节策略。
