Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, 1А Favorsky Str, Irkutsk, Russia, 664033.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Nov 7;191(12):728. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7888-z.
The relevance of the research is due to the increasing need for drinking water in the world, the shortage of which is experienced in many countries. The main aim is the study of the chemical composition of freshwater of the Angara River (the drain of Lake Baikal) and the characteristics of its changes. Methods of research: water was sampled at a distance of 1.5-2 m from the shore, from a depth of 0.4-0.5 m, and at the source water intake with the help of a pump. Samples were taken in clean plastic bottles of 1 L in size to determine SO2, Cl, HCO, NO, HNO, SiO, F, PO, NH, O, E, E, Ca, Mg, Na, K, pH, and temperature. The analyses were accomplished according to standard techniques. It is shown that minor changes in the total content of ions in the water of the Angara River source occur daily, monthly, and depend on a season. Graphically, this is expressed by the curve (broken) line, which manifested the increase, maximum, decrease, minimum, and eventually an endless cycle of repeating the sequence of monthly and annual concentrations of the elements. It was found that the average values of the main ions in the water and the total mineralization of the water source of Angara River and Lake Baikal correspond to their average annual values over the past 20 years. The reason for the constant chemical composition of Baikal and Angara waters may be not only the possibility of already proven chemical and biological self-purification but also the additional penetration of deep waters as a result of upwelling and earthquakes on Lake Baikal. It is concluded that it is necessary to continue further geochemical and microbiological monitoring of the Baikal aquatic ecosystem to assess its composition and quality.
研究的相关性在于世界对饮用水的需求不断增加，而许多国家都面临着水资源短缺的问题。本研究的主要目的是研究安加拉河（贝加尔湖的排水系统）淡水的化学组成及其变化特征。研究方法：借助于潜水泵，在距岸边 1.5-2 米、水深 0.4-0.5 米处的岸边和水源处采集水样。采集水样使用 1 升大小的清洁塑料瓶，以测定 SO2、Cl、HCO、NO、HNO、SiO、F、PO、NH、O、E、E、Ca、Mg、Na、K、pH 和温度。分析按照标准技术进行。结果表明，安加拉河水源水中离子的总含量每天、每月都有较小的变化，并且取决于季节。图形上，这表现为（断裂）曲线，表明元素的浓度逐月和逐年呈增加、最大值、减少、最小值，最终进入一个无限循环，重复月度和年度浓度序列。结果还发现，安加拉河河水和贝加尔湖水源的主要离子的平均值与过去 20 年的平均值相对应。贝加尔湖和安加拉湖水化学组成稳定的原因可能不仅是已经证明的化学和生物自净的可能性，还可能是由于贝加尔湖的上升流和地震导致深部水的额外渗透。因此，有必要继续对贝加尔湖水生生态系统进行进一步的地球化学和微生物学监测，以评估其组成和质量。
