化学物质导致肝毒性的可能途径。
Possible Pathways of Hepatotoxicity Caused by Chemical Agents.
作者信息
Mohi-Ud-Din Roohi, Mir Reyaz Hassan, Sawhney Gifty, Dar Mohd Akbar, Bhat Zulfiqar Ali
机构信息
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Pharmacognosy Division, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Kashmir, India.
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Kashmir, India.
出版信息
Curr Drug Metab. 2019;20(11):867-879. doi: 10.2174/1389200220666191105121653.
BACKGROUND
Liver injury induced by drugs has become a primary reason for acute liver disease and therefore posed a potential regulatory and clinical challenge over the past few decades and has gained much attention. It also remains the most common cause of failure of drugs during clinical trials. In 50% of all acute liver failure cases, drug-induced hepatoxicity is the primary factor and 5% of all hospital admissions.
METHODS
The various hepatotoxins used to induce hepatotoxicity in experimental animals include paracetamol, CCl4, isoniazid, thioacetamide, erythromycin, diclofenac, alcohol, etc. Among the various models used to induce hepatotoxicity in rats, every hepatotoxin causes toxicity by different mechanisms.
RESULTS
The drug-induced hepatotoxicity caused by paracetamol accounts for 39% of the cases and 13% hepatotoxicity is triggered by other hepatotoxic inducing agents.
CONCLUSION
Research carried out and the published papers revealed that hepatotoxins such as paracetamol and carbon- tetrachloride are widely used for experimental induction of hepatotoxicity in rats.
背景
药物性肝损伤已成为急性肝病的主要原因，因此在过去几十年中构成了潜在的监管和临床挑战，并受到了广泛关注。它也是临床试验期间药物失败的最常见原因。在所有急性肝衰竭病例中，50% 药物性肝毒性是主要因素，占所有住院病例的 5%。
方法
用于在实验动物中诱导肝毒性的各种肝毒素包括对乙酰氨基酚、四氯化碳、异烟肼、硫代乙酰胺、红霉素、双氯芬酸、酒精等。在用于诱导大鼠肝毒性的各种模型中，每种肝毒素通过不同机制引起毒性。
结果
对乙酰氨基酚引起的药物性肝毒性占病例的 39%，其他肝毒性诱导剂引发 13% 的肝毒性。
结论
开展的研究和已发表的论文表明，对乙酰氨基酚和四氯化碳等肝毒素被广泛用于大鼠肝毒性的实验诱导。
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