De Pauw K, Serrien B, Baeyens J-P, Cherelle P, De Bock S, Ghillebert J, Bailey S P, Lefeber D, Roelands B, Vanderborght B, Meeusen R
Research Group of Human Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Strategic Research Program 'Exercise and the Brain in Health & Disease: the added value of Human-centered Robotics', Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2020 Jan;71:59-67. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.10.028. Epub 2019 Oct 31.
Novel lower-limb prostheses aim to improve the quality of locomotion of individuals with an amputation. This study evaluates the biomechanics of a novel bionic foot during walking.
Able-bodied individuals (n = 7) and individuals with a transfemoral (n = 6) or transtibial amputation (n = 6) were included. Able-bodied individuals conducted one experimental trial, whereas individuals with transtibial and transfemoral amputations conducted a familiarization (with current prosthesis) and two experimental trials using a passive and bionic prosthesis. Each trial consisted of 3 bouts of 2 min of treadmill walking at different speeds. Biomechanical data were gathered using a force platform and motion capture system and analysed using Statistical Parametric Mapping and (non)-parametric tests.
Conventional prosthetic feet alter gait patterns and induce locomotion difficulties. While walking at a normal speed with the passive prosthesis, transtibial amputees display reduced maximum heel forces, increased ankle and trunk angular velocities at midstance, and increased knee angle during stance and swing phases on their effected side (P ≤ 0.026). Improved lower-limb kinematics was demonstrated during slow and normal speed walking with the bionic prosthesis; however, dynamic trunk stability was negatively impacted during this condition. The bionic prosthesis did not benefit transfemoral amputees at any walking speed.
Transtibial amputees can better approximate typical movement patterns at slow and normal walking speeds using the novel bionic prosthesis; however the same benefit was not observed in transfemoral amputees.
新型下肢假肢旨在提高截肢者的运动质量。本研究评估了一种新型仿生足在行走过程中的生物力学特性。
纳入健全个体（n = 7）以及经股骨截肢（n = 6）或经胫骨截肢（n = 6）的个体。健全个体进行一次实验性试验，而经胫骨和经股骨截肢的个体进行一次（使用当前假肢的）适应性试验以及两次分别使用被动假肢和仿生假肢的实验性试验。每次试验包括以不同速度在跑步机上行走3组，每组2分钟。使用测力平台和运动捕捉系统收集生物力学数据，并使用统计参数映射和（非）参数检验进行分析。
传统假肢会改变步态模式并导致运动困难。在使用被动假肢以正常速度行走时，经胫骨截肢者患侧足跟最大力降低，在支撑中期踝关节和躯干角速度增加，在支撑期和摆动期膝关节角度增加（P≤0.026）。在使用仿生假肢进行慢速和正常速度行走时，下肢运动学得到改善；然而，在此情况下动态躯干稳定性受到负面影响。在任何行走速度下，仿生假肢对经股骨截肢者均无益处。
经胫骨截肢者使用新型仿生假肢在慢速和正常行走速度下能够更好地接近典型运动模式；然而，经股骨截肢者未观察到同样的益处。
