Cohen D, Eisdorfer C
School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1988 Oct;36(10):885-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb05780.x.
The reformulated learned helplessness model of depression was tested in a study of families caring for relatives with Alzheimer's disease who did not participate in family support groups or have access to respite care. Family members who identified themselves as major caregivers, ie, those providing daily assistance to the patient, received a clinical psychiatric interview, the Beck Self-Report Depression Scale, and a modified Hammen and deMayo Attributional Style Questionnaire. The results showed that 55% of major caregivers, primarily spouses, living with an older relative with dementia experienced clinical depression. Depressed caregivers were more likely to perceive a lack of control over their situation than those who were not depressed. Contrary to the reformulated learned helplessness hypothesis, they did not perceive their situation to be the result of internal, stable, and global attributions. The results suggest the need to study depression in ecologically stressful natural settings and to develop effective clinical intervention strategies.
在一项针对照顾老年痴呆症亲属且未参加家庭支持小组或无法获得临时护理的家庭的研究中，对重新阐述的抑郁症习得性无助模型进行了测试。自认为是主要照顾者的家庭成员，即那些为患者提供日常帮助的人，接受了临床精神病学访谈、贝克自我报告抑郁量表以及经过修改的哈门和德梅约归因方式问卷。结果显示，与患有痴呆症的老年亲属生活在一起的主要照顾者中，55%主要是配偶，经历了临床抑郁症。与未患抑郁症的照顾者相比，患抑郁症的照顾者更有可能觉得自己对自身处境缺乏掌控力。与重新阐述的习得性无助假设相反，他们并不认为自己的处境是由内在、稳定和全局性归因造成的。研究结果表明，有必要在生态压力较大的自然环境中研究抑郁症，并制定有效的临床干预策略。
