Cao C L, Zhang L J, Bao Z P, Dai S M, Lü S, Xu J, Li S Z, Zhou X N
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2019 Oct 14;31(5):519-521. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2018232.
To understand the epidemic trend of schistosomiasis in China from 2010 to 2017 so as to provide the scientific evidence for schistosomiasis elimination.
The information of schistosomiasis control nationwide from 2010 to 2017 was collected, including the endemic of population, status of livestock control, and snail control. Microsoft Excel was applied for datum management and analysis.
From 2010 to 2017, the epidemic of schistosomiasis in China dropped significantly. The decreasing amplitude of estimated number of patients nationwide was 88.46%. Seventy-one acute schistosomiasis patients were reported and 12.68% (9/71) of them were imported. The decreasing rate of cultivated cattle was 50.09%, and the accumulative number of schistosome-infected cattle was 17 239, and the average positive rate of stool examinations decreased from 1.04% to 0.000 22%. The area with snails nationwide was 373 596.18 to 363 068.95 hm, and the new detected area with snails was 46.71 to 1 346.73 hm. The area with schistosome-infected snails was 171.68 hm in 2012 and it was 9.25 hm in 2013. In 72 key monitoring points of 7 endemic provinces, there were 17 schistosome positive points of water body in 2010 and 6 points in 2016. There were some high risk-factors related to schistosomiasis transmission including schisto-some-infected cattle, dogs, and field rats, and the field stools, and the pasture in the area with snails in schistosomiasis monitoring points.
The endemic status of schistosomiasis in China has dropped significantly, and the transmission level is very low. However, the infectious source and risk factors in the endemic environments have not be eliminated. Therefore, the infectious source control, health education, snail control, and transmission monitoring should be strengthened, so as to promote the progress of schistosomiasis elimination.
了解2010 - 2017年中国血吸虫病流行趋势，为血吸虫病消除提供科学依据。
收集2010 - 2017年全国血吸虫病防治信息，包括人群感染情况、家畜防治状况和螺情。应用Microsoft Excel进行数据管理与分析。
2010 - 2017年，中国血吸虫病疫情显著下降。全国估算病人数下降幅度为88.46%。报告急性血吸虫病病人71例，其中输入性病例占12.68%（9/71）。耕牛存栏数下降率为50.09%，累计血吸虫感染牛17239头，粪便检查平均阳性率由1.04%降至0.00022%。全国有螺面积为373596.18～363068.95 hm，新查出有螺面积为46.71～1346.73 hm。2012年感染性钉螺面积为171.68 hm，2013年为9.25 hm。7个流行省份的72个重点监测点中，2010年水体血吸虫阳性点数为17个，2016年为6个。血吸虫病传播存在一些高危因素，包括血吸虫感染的牛、犬、野鼠，以及血吸虫病监测点有螺地带的野外粪便和牧场。
中国血吸虫病流行状况显著下降，传播水平很低。但流行环境中的传染源和危险因素尚未消除。因此，应加强传染源控制、健康教育、螺情控制和传播监测，以推动血吸虫病消除进程。
