Singh Navdeep, Singh Lubana Sandeep, Dabrowski Lech
Hospice and Palliative Care Medicine, North Shore Long Island Jewish Hospital, Brooklyn, USA.
Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.
Cureus. 2019 Sep 10;11(9):e5616. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5616.
Neutrophils are a critical part of the body's defense system to prevent serious bacterial and fungal infections. Neutropenia is a term which is defined by the absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) < 1,500 cells/µL, and it becomes clinically significant when the level falls below 500 cells/µL. The risk of morbidity and mortality increases considerably when the levels fall below 200. In some ethnicities, the neutropenia is chronic and is frequently seen on routine outpatient visits. On the other hand, transient neutropenia is associated with a transient drop in the neutrophil count and many of the underlying causes are reversible. Patients and their families, as well as some clinicians, express great concern for neutropenia, leading to a multitude of tests and emergency room visits. In this review, we discuss the causes of both chronic and transient neutropenia. Also, we have given special emphasis on the mechanism of neutropenia and management of transient neutropenia.
中性粒细胞是人体防御系统的关键组成部分，可预防严重的细菌和真菌感染。中性粒细胞减少症是一个术语，定义为绝对中性粒细胞计数（ANC）<1500个细胞/微升，当水平降至500个细胞/微升以下时具有临床意义。当水平低于200时，发病和死亡风险会大幅增加。在一些种族中，中性粒细胞减少症是慢性的，在常规门诊就诊时经常可见。另一方面，短暂性中性粒细胞减少症与中性粒细胞计数的短暂下降有关，许多潜在原因是可逆的。患者及其家属以及一些临床医生对中性粒细胞减少症表示极大关注，导致进行大量检查和急诊就诊。在本综述中，我们讨论了慢性和短暂性中性粒细胞减少症的病因。此外，我们特别强调了中性粒细胞减少症的机制和短暂性中性粒细胞减少症的管理。
