Department of Anthropology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas.
Evol Anthropol. 2020 Mar;29(2):56-67. doi: 10.1002/evan.21808. Epub 2019 Nov 13.
In recent years, research on animal personality has exploded within the field of behavioral ecology. Consistent individual differences in behavior exist in a wide range of species, and these differences can have fitness consequences and influence several aspects of a species' ecology. In comparison to studies of other animals, however, there has been relatively little research on the behavioral ecology of primate personality. This is surprising given the large body of research within psychology and biomedicine showing that primate personality traits are heritable and linked to health and life history outcomes. In this article, I bring together theoretical perspectives on the ecology and evolution of animal personality with an integrative review of what we know about primate personality from studies conducted on captive, free-ranging, and wild primates. Incorporating frameworks that emphasize consistency in behavior into primate behavioral ecology research holds promise for improving our understanding of primate behavioral evolution.
近年来，动物个性研究在行为生态学领域中蓬勃发展。在广泛的物种中存在着一致的个体行为差异，这些差异会对适应度产生影响，并影响物种生态的多个方面。然而，与对其他动物的研究相比，对灵长类动物个性的行为生态学研究相对较少。这令人惊讶，因为心理学和生物医学领域有大量研究表明，灵长类动物的个性特征是可遗传的，并与健康和生活史结果有关。在本文中，我将动物个性的生态学和进化理论观点与对圈养、自由放养和野生灵长类动物进行的研究中关于灵长类动物个性的综合综述结合起来。将强调行为一致性的框架纳入灵长类动物行为生态学研究中，有望提高我们对灵长类动物行为进化的理解。
