Beal S L, Pottmeyer E W, Spisso J M
Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento 95817.
J Trauma. 1988 Oct;28(10):1425-32. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198810000-00003.
Esophageal perforation from external blunt trauma is an exceedingly rare injury. Since 1900, including our five cases, we found 96 reported cases. The most common cause was violent vehicular trauma. The cervical and upper thoracic esophagus was the site of perforation in 82%. In 78% of the cases, there were findings consistent with esophageal injury, but there was a delay in diagnosis in two thirds of these. The diagnostic difficulty was due to lack of a specific symptom complex for esophageal perforation. Often esophageal perforation was not suspected and the symptoms were attributed to the more common injuries, or the diagnostic workup was incomplete. There were 24 (38%) infectious complications directly related to the esophageal perforation. In 21 of these, there was a delay in diagnosis. There were five (9.4%) deaths due to sepsis from the esophageal perforation.
外部钝性创伤导致的食管穿孔是一种极其罕见的损伤。自1900年以来，包括我们的5例病例，我们共发现96例报告病例。最常见的原因是暴力车辆创伤。82%的穿孔部位在颈部和上胸部食管。78%的病例有与食管损伤相符的表现，但其中三分之二的病例诊断有延迟。诊断困难是由于缺乏食管穿孔的特异性症状组合。食管穿孔常常未被怀疑，症状被归因于更常见的损伤，或者诊断检查不完整。有24例（38%）感染性并发症与食管穿孔直接相关。其中21例诊断有延迟。有5例（9.4%）因食管穿孔引起的败血症死亡。
