通过基于智能手机的应用程序增强哮喘患者的自我管理：设计、可用性评估和教育干预。
Enhancing Asthma Patients' Self-Management through Smartphone-Based Application: Design, Usability Evaluation, and Educational Intervention.
机构信息
Health Information Management Research Center, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, School of Allied Health Professions, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
出版信息
Appl Clin Inform. 2019 Oct;10(5):870-878. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1700866. Epub 2019 Nov 13.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a smartphone-based application for improving self-management in patients with asthma and evaluate its effects on their knowledge.
METHODS
In this applied research, based on the Clinical Practice Guideline and a systematic review, a questionnaire was designed to determine the application information content and functionality requirements by 15 pediatric and adult asthma and allergy specialist. Then the application was designed and developed using Adobe Air software on the Android operating system. Usability evaluation of the mobile application was performed using the standard questionnaire for user interaction satisfaction (QUIS), which completed by 30 patients with asthma, 8 information technology (IT) specialists, and 2 asthma and allergy specialists. Self-management knowledge of 30 asthma patients was measured using a researcher-made questionnaire before and after using the application.
RESULTS
The number of specialists in the both Delphi rounds was 15 and the mean work experiences were 17.6 years. The most important elements for asthma self-management were avoiding exposure to allergen and triggers (96%), drug treatment (94.6%), and how to use the therapeutic tools (92.4%), and the most important functionalities were alerting the patients when they did not control asthma (92%), setting reminders for timely drug use (85.4%) and therapeutic tools (82.6%), recording prescription drugs (82.6%), and peak flow meter values (82%). Usability evaluation showed that 30 patients with asthma, 8 IT specialists, and 2 physicians evaluated the application at a "good" level. The mean score of the patients' knowledge before intervention was 2.43 ± 0.95 which after intervention was significantly increased to 4.3 ± 0.56 ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Considering the desirable outcomes of application evaluation and a positive impact of this educational intervention on asthma patients' knowledge, it is possible to use mobile-based self-management programs to help these patients to manage illness and gain knowledge and self-management skills.
目的
本研究旨在设计并评估一款基于智能手机的应用程序，以改善哮喘患者的自我管理，并评估其对患者知识的影响。
方法
本应用研究基于临床实践指南和系统评价，通过 15 名儿科和成人哮喘及过敏专家设计了一份问卷，以确定应用程序的信息内容和功能需求。然后，使用 Adobe Air 软件在 Android 操作系统上设计并开发了该应用程序。使用标准的用户交互满意度问卷（QUIS）对移动应用程序的可用性进行了评估，共有 30 名哮喘患者、8 名信息技术（IT）专家和 2 名哮喘和过敏专家完成了该问卷。在使用应用程序前后，使用研究者自制的问卷测量了 30 名哮喘患者的自我管理知识。
结果
两轮德尔菲法的专家人数均为 15 名，平均工作经验为 17.6 年。哮喘自我管理最重要的要素包括避免接触过敏原和诱因（96%）、药物治疗（94.6%）以及如何使用治疗工具（92.4%），最重要的功能包括在患者未能控制哮喘时向其发出警报（92%）、按时提醒患者使用药物（85.4%）和治疗工具（82.6%）、记录处方药物（82.6%）和峰流速仪值（82%）。可用性评估显示，30 名哮喘患者、8 名 IT 专家和 2 名医生对该应用程序的评价为“良好”水平。干预前，患者知识的平均得分为 2.43±0.95，干预后显著提高至 4.3±0.56（<0.001）。
结论
考虑到应用程序评估的良好结果以及该教育干预对哮喘患者知识的积极影响，使用基于移动的自我管理程序可以帮助这些患者管理疾病并获得知识和自我管理技能。
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