Colorado-Domínguez Jaime
Gac Med Mex. 1979 Jul;115(7):325-30.
Twenty-nine malnourished preschoolers in third grade, with a history of globally deficient feeding and very poor individual and environmental hygiene, who presented ocular lesions attributed to avitaminosis A, mainly keratomalacia, were studied. Fifteen patients had keratomalacia with superficial corneal ulceration and fourteen had severe complications such as corneal perforation, descemetocele, expulsion of ocular contents and leukomas adherent to the rest of the eye structures, with final amaurosis. The pathophysiological alterations caused by vitamin A deficiency in ocular structures are synergistic to those inherent to protein deficiency. Treatment should be local, general or surgical; but the main management should be prophylactic, improving the socioeconomic and nutritional conditions of the family. Once severe keratomalacia lesions are established, important visual alterations will persist, from giant leukomas to complete blindness.
对29名三年级营养不良的学龄前儿童进行了研究，他们有全球喂养不足的病史，个人和环境卫生状况极差，出现了归因于维生素A缺乏症的眼部病变，主要是角膜软化症。15名患者患有角膜软化症并伴有浅表角膜溃疡，14名患者出现严重并发症，如角膜穿孔、后弹力层膨出、眼内容物脱出以及与眼部其他结构粘连的角膜白斑，最终导致失明。维生素A缺乏在眼部结构中引起的病理生理改变与蛋白质缺乏所固有的改变具有协同作用。治疗应采用局部、全身或手术方法；但主要的管理措施应是预防性的，改善家庭的社会经济和营养状况。一旦形成严重的角膜软化症病变，重要的视力改变将会持续存在，从巨大的角膜白斑到完全失明。
