Department of Air Quality Monitoring, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100021 Beijing, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Oct 20;688:1413-1421. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.149. Epub 2019 Jun 11.
In 2015, 443 atmospheric PM samples were collected at five sampling sites in Beijing. The concentrations of PM-bound PAH (Chr, BaA, BbF, BkF, B[a]P, DBA, BghiP, and IND) were determined via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The annual concentration of PM-bound PAH, lifetime cancer risk, and the increasing value due to heating season factors (heating and meteorological conditions) were analyzed. The results showed that the sum concentration of PM-bound PAH during heating season was 72.6 ng/m and higher than the non-heating season concentration of 4.77 ng/m. The annual concentration was 10.6 ng/m, which increased 5.83 ng/m due to heating season factors. The B[a]P annual concentration was 1.67 ng/m and higher than the limit of 1 ng/m, which was 15.2 times that of non-heating season. Diesel vehicles and gasoline vehicles were the primary PAH sources during non-heating season, while the mixed sources of diesel vehicles, gasoline vehicles, and combustion were the dominant PAH sources during heating season. The most significant health hazard pollutant was B[a]P, which accounted for 72%, 74%, and 69% of the B[a]P equivalent concentration (B[a]Peq) of PAH during heating season, non-heating season, and throughout 2015, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk was 2.67 × 10, which increased 1.36 × 10 due to heating season factors. Therefore, heating season factors nearly doubled the annual concentration of PM-bound ∑PAH and lifetime cancer risk. The results indicated that to protect human health, it is very important to control PM-bound ∑PAH emissions during heating season, especially B[a]P emissions.
2015 年，在北京五个采样点采集了 443 个大气 PM 样本。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定了 PM 结合多环芳烃（Chr、BaA、BbF、BkF、B[a]P、DBA、BghiP 和 IND）的浓度。分析了 PM 结合多环芳烃的年浓度、终生癌症风险以及由于供暖季节因素（供暖和气象条件）增加的数值。结果表明，供暖季节 PM 结合多环芳烃的总浓度为 72.6ng/m，高于非供暖季节的 4.77ng/m。年浓度为 10.6ng/m，由于供暖季节因素增加了 5.83ng/m。B[a]P 年浓度为 1.67ng/m，高于 1ng/m 的限值，是非供暖季节的 15.2 倍。非供暖季节柴油车和汽油车是多环芳烃的主要来源，而供暖季节则以柴油车、汽油车和燃烧的混合来源为主。危害最大的健康污染物是 B[a]P，其在供暖季节、非供暖季节和 2015 年全年的多环芳烃等效浓度（B[a]Peq）中分别占 72%、74%和 69%。终生癌症风险为 2.67×10，由于供暖季节因素增加了 1.36×10。因此，供暖季节因素使 PM 结合∑PAH 的年浓度和终生癌症风险几乎增加了一倍。结果表明，为了保护人类健康，控制供暖季节 PM 结合∑PAH 排放，特别是 B[a]P 排放，非常重要。
