Alomari Areej A, Makhdoom Yahya M
Saudi Board in Family Medicine, Joint Program of Family Medicine, Jeddah, KSA.
Supervisor in Joint Program of Family Medicine, KSA.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2019 Oct 15;14(5):439-447. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.08.006. eCollection 2019 Oct.
Recent estimates have indicated that the weighted community prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is rising. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and determinants of BDD among female adolescents in Jeddah, KSA.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among female students in governmental secondary schools. Students presenting with abnormal health conditions were excluded. A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used to select the target number of students (N = 495). BDD screening was performed using a BDD questionnaire.
The students' mean (standard deviation) age was 16.78 (1.11) years, and the prevalence of BDD was 12.3% (95% confidence interval: 9.6-15.5%). The body parts associated with the most concern were the skin (18.4%), hair (10.7%), teeth (9.9%), and nose (9.5%). Psychosocial assessment showed that the body part of concern was associated with sadness in 20.6%, avoidance reactions in 17.6%, and problems in school, work, or other activities in 3.8% while playing a role in social relationships in 21.5%. The aspects associated with the highest risk included the skin (odds ratio (OR) = 8.33, p < 0.001), followed by body fat (OR = 8.17, p < 0.001) and the nose (OR = 7.35, p < 0.001). With the number of affected body parts, the prevalence of BDD increased from 21.7% (one body part) to 60%.
In this study, BDD was a common, difficult-to-recognise disorder with a prevalence of one in eight female Saudi adolescents. It was associated with marked changes in social interactions, self-esteem, and quality of life.
近期估计表明，躯体变形障碍（BDD）的加权社区患病率正在上升。本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯王国吉达市女性青少年中BDD的患病率及其决定因素。
在政府公立中学的女学生中进行了一项横断面研究。患有异常健康状况的学生被排除在外。采用多阶段分层抽样技术选取目标数量的学生（N = 495）。使用BDD问卷进行BDD筛查。
学生的平均（标准差）年龄为16.78（1.11）岁，BDD患病率为12.3%（95%置信区间：9.6 - 15.5%）。最受关注的身体部位是皮肤（18.4%）、头发（10.7%）、牙齿（9.9%）和鼻子（9.5%）。心理社会评估显示，所关注的身体部位与20.6%的悲伤情绪、17.6%的回避反应、3.8%的学校、工作或其他活动问题以及21.5%的社会关系问题有关。与最高风险相关的方面包括皮肤（优势比（OR）= 8.33，p < 0.001），其次是体脂（OR = 8.17，p < 0.001）和鼻子（OR = 7.35，p < 0.001）。随着受影响身体部位数量的增加，BDD患病率从21.7%（一个身体部位）增至60%。
在本研究中，BDD是一种常见且难以识别的疾病，在沙特阿拉伯女性青少年中患病率为八分之一。它与社交互动、自尊和生活质量的显著变化有关。
