Touroutoglou Alexandra, Dickerson Bradford C
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;166:113-127. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64196-0.00008-X.
In this chapter, we review evidence from structural and functional neuroimaging in humans to consider the role of the cingulate cortex subregions (i.e., subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, anterior midcingulate cortex, and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex) as major hubs anchoring multiple large-scale brain networks. We begin with a review of evidence from intrinsic functional connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging studies to show how connections within and between cingulate-centered networks contribute to processing and integrating signals related to autonomic, affective, executive, and memory functions. We then consider how variability in cingulate-centered networks could contribute to a range of aging outcomes, including typical aging and unusually successful aging (dubbed "superaging"), as well as early neurodegenerative dementias, including frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
在本章中，我们回顾来自人类结构和功能神经影像学的证据，以探讨扣带回皮质各亚区（即膝下前扣带回皮质、膝前扣带回皮质、前扣带回中部皮质和后扣带回背侧皮质）作为锚定多个大规模脑网络的主要枢纽的作用。我们首先回顾来自内在功能连接和扩散张量成像研究的证据，以展示扣带回中心网络内部和之间的连接如何有助于处理和整合与自主、情感、执行和记忆功能相关的信号。然后，我们思考扣带回中心网络的变异性如何导致一系列衰老结果，包括典型衰老和异常成功衰老（称为“超级衰老”），以及早期神经退行性痴呆，包括额颞叶痴呆和阿尔茨海默病。
