Oregon Health and Science University, 3710 Southwest U.S. Veterans Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Oregon Health and Science University, 707 Southwest Gaines Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2019 Dec;40(4):703-719. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2019.07.002.
Tuberculosis (TB) host defense depends on cellular immunity, including macrophages and adaptively acquired CD4 and CD8 T cells. More recently, roles for new immune components, including neutrophils, innate T cells, and B cells, have been defined, and the understanding of the function of macrophages and adaptively acquired T cells has been advanced. Moreover, the understanding of TB immunology elucidates TB infection and disease as a spectrum. Finally, determinates of TB host defense, such as age and comorbidities, affect clinical expression of TB disease. Herein, the authors comprehensively review TB immunology with an emphasis on new advances.
结核病（TB）的宿主防御依赖于细胞免疫，包括巨噬细胞和适应性获得的 CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞。最近，新的免疫成分的作用，包括中性粒细胞、先天 T 细胞和 B 细胞，已经被定义，并且对巨噬细胞和适应性获得的 T 细胞的功能的理解也得到了提高。此外，对结核病免疫学的理解将结核病感染和疾病阐明为一个谱系。最后，结核病宿主防御的决定因素，如年龄和合并症，影响结核病疾病的临床表现。在此，作者全面综述了结核病免疫学，重点介绍了新的进展。
