Institute of Cell Dynamics and Imaging, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Münster, Germany.
Institute of Cell Dynamics and Imaging, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Münster, Germany.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2020 Feb;1867(2):118603. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118603. Epub 2019 Nov 13.
Not so long ago, contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lipid droplets (LDs) were largely unexplored on a molecular level. In recent years however, numerous proteins have been identified that are enriched or exclusively located at the interfaces between LDs and the ER. These comprise members of protein classes typically found in diverse types of contacts, such as organelle tethers and lipid transfer proteins, but also proteins that have no similarities to known contact site machineries. This structurally heterogeneous group of contact site residents might be required to fulfill unique aspects of LD-ER contact biology, such as de novo LD biogenesis, and maintenance of lipidic connections between LDs and ER. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular components of this special organelle contact site, and discuss their features and functions.
不久前，内质网（ER）和脂滴（LDs）之间的接触位点在分子水平上还在很大程度上未被探索。然而，近年来，已经鉴定出许多富含或专门位于 LD 和 ER 之间界面的蛋白质。这些蛋白质包括通常存在于各种类型的接触中的蛋白质类别成员，例如细胞器系绳和脂质转移蛋白，但也包括与已知接触位点机制没有相似之处的蛋白质。这种结构异质的接触位点居民群体可能需要满足 LD-ER 接触生物学的独特方面，例如从头开始的 LD 生物发生，以及维持 LD 和 ER 之间的脂质连接。在这里，我们总结了这种特殊细胞器接触位点的分子成分的现有知识，并讨论了它们的特征和功能。
