自闭症和述情障碍特征调节面部感知的不同方面。
Autistic and alexithymic traits modulate distinct aspects of face perception.
机构信息
Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, United States; Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
出版信息
Brain Cogn. 2019 Dec;137:103616. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.103616. Epub 2019 Nov 14.
BACKGROUND
Atypical face processing is a prominent feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but is not universal and is subject to individual variability. This heterogeneity could be accounted for by reliable yet unidentified subgroups within the diverse population of individuals with ASD. Alexithymia, which is characterized by difficulties in emotion recognition and identification, serves as a potential grouping factor. Recent research demonstrates that emotion recognition impairments in ASD are predicted by its comorbidity with alexithymia. The current study assessed the relative influence of autistic versus alexithymic traits on neural indices of face and emotion perception.
METHODS
Capitalizing upon the temporal sensitivity of event-related potentials (ERPs), it investigates the distinct contributions of alexithymic versus autistic traits at specific stages of emotional face processing in 27 typically developing adults (18 female). ERP components reflecting sequential stages of perceptual processing (P100, N170 and N250) were recorded in response to fear and neutral faces.
RESULTS
The results indicated that autistic traits were associated with structural encoding of faces (N170), whereas alexithymic traits were associated with more complex emotion decoding (N250).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings have important implications for deconstructing heterogeneity within ASD.
背景
非典型面部处理是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的一个突出特征，但并非普遍存在，且存在个体差异。这种异质性可以通过 ASD 患者多样化人群中可靠但尚未确定的亚组来解释。以情绪识别和识别困难为特征的述情障碍可以作为潜在的分组因素。最近的研究表明，ASD 中的情绪识别障碍与其述情障碍的共病有关。本研究评估了自闭症与述情障碍特征对面部和情绪感知神经指数的相对影响。
方法
利用事件相关电位（ERPs）的时间敏感性，研究了在 27 名正常发育的成年人（18 名女性）中，特定的情绪面部处理阶段中，述情障碍与自闭症特征的独特贡献。记录了反映感知处理连续阶段的 ERP 成分（P100、N170 和 N250），以响应恐惧和中性面孔。
结果
结果表明，自闭症特征与面部的结构编码（N170）有关，而述情障碍特征与更复杂的情绪解码（N250）有关。
结论
这些发现对解构 ASD 内的异质性具有重要意义。
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