School of Social Sciences, Södertörn University, Alfred Nobels allé 7, 141 89 Huddinge, Sweden.
Int J Drug Policy. 2020 Jul;81:102599. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.11.007. Epub 2019 Nov 15.
Existing research indicates that sexual behaviour and aggression are particularly important to the reproduction of gendered drinking norms, both in the media and in face-to-face interaction. However, research has yet to understand in more detail the discursive processes whereby actors negotiate gendered norms related to alcohol, sexual behaviour, and aggression. This article examines how actors make symbolic distinctions between themselves and others in discussing alcohol, aggression, and sexual desire, and analyses the similarities and differences within and across gender that they identify in this process.
The study relies on individual qualitative interviews with 25 Swedish women and men. To elicit participants' normative positions, we used a newspaper article as a probe during the interviews.
Findings show that participants highlight similarities between women and men, and variation and individual differences among men and among women in discussing alcohol's effects on sexual desire and 'sexually active behaviour'. Differences, by contrast, are most salient when they discuss alcohol and aggression and seek to distance themselves from 'shabby bar men', rural men, and male football hooligans who drink and fight, outgroups that are marked as working-class in the participants' narratives.
Two general discursive patterns were identified: discursive bridging across gender and discursive othering across class. For the participants, drinking norms are not as much about general gender differences as they are about the 'dysfunctional' drinking of certain groups of working-class men. These findings contribute to a more specific understanding of the reconstitution of gender boundaries in relation to drinking norms.
现有研究表明，性行为和侵犯行为对于在媒体和面对面互动中再现性别化的饮酒规范尤其重要。然而，研究尚未更详细地了解行为者在讨论与酒精、性行为和侵犯相关的性别规范时进行话语协商的过程。本文探讨了行为者在讨论酒精、侵犯和性欲望时如何在自我与他人之间进行象征性区分，并分析了他们在这个过程中确定的性别内和性别间的相似点和不同点。
本研究依赖于对 25 名瑞典男女进行的个体定性访谈。为了引出参与者的规范立场，我们在访谈中使用了一篇报纸文章作为探针。
研究结果表明，参与者在讨论酒精对性欲望和“性行为”的影响时强调了男女之间的相似之处，以及男性和女性之间的差异和个体差异。相比之下，当他们讨论酒精和侵犯，并试图将自己与“卑鄙的酒吧男人”、农村男人和酗酒打架的男性足球流氓区分开来时，差异最为明显。这些局外人在参与者的叙述中被标记为工人阶级。
确定了两种一般的话语模式：跨越性别的话语桥接和跨越阶级的话语他者化。对于参与者来说，饮酒规范与其说是一般的性别差异，不如说是某些工人阶级男性的“功能失调”饮酒。这些发现有助于更具体地理解与饮酒规范相关的性别边界的重建。
