Manandhar Naresh, Joshi Sunil Kumar
Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2019 Nov 14;17(3):408-412. doi: 10.33314/jnhrc.v17i3.1758.
The Senior Citizens Acts 2063, Nepal defines the senior citizens (elderly population) as "people who are 60 years and above". Health is the most important determinant of the quality of life of people. Ill-health becomes a major obstacle for the well-being of the elderly population. This study was conducted to assess the morbidity pattern in elderly population.
A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine. 124 elderly population were selected by convenient sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square was used to test the association and p<0.05 was considered as significant.
The mean age of elderly population was 69.85 years. Majority (47.6%) of them were in the age group of 60-69 years. Males (50.8%) were more than females (49.2%). Twelve respondents (9.7%) were not suffering from any form of morbidity. Most common morbidity was muscular skeleton problem (40.8%), followed by hypertension (36.3%), diabetes (29.8.8%), psychological (23.4%) and respiratory (18.6%). Other morbidities gastrointestinal, dental, ENT, eye and genitourinary system were found in around ten percentage of elderly population Conclusions: Majority of the elderly population were suffering from non-communicable diseases. There is a need for health care services at all level with special focus on disease prevention, early detection and treatment for elderly population. This study found high prevalence of musculoskeletal, hypertension, diabetes and psychological problem and low prevalence of respiratory, gastrointestinal, dental, ENT, genitourinary and eye problem.
尼泊尔《2063年老年人法案》将老年人（老年人口）定义为“60岁及以上的人”。健康是人们生活质量的最重要决定因素。健康不佳成为老年人口福祉的主要障碍。本研究旨在评估老年人口的发病模式。
在社区医学系的现场实践区域开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用方便抽样技术选取了124名老年人口。使用结构化问卷收集数据。数据采用SPSS 20版进行分析。采用卡方检验来检验关联性，p<0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
老年人口的平均年龄为69.85岁。其中大多数（47.6%）年龄在60 - 69岁之间。男性（50.8%）多于女性（49.2%）。12名受访者（9.7%）未患有任何形式的疾病。最常见的疾病是肌肉骨骼问题（40.8%），其次是高血压（36.3%）、糖尿病（29.8%）、心理问题（23.4%）和呼吸系统疾病（18.6%）。约10%的老年人口存在其他疾病，如胃肠道、牙科、耳鼻喉科、眼科和泌尿生殖系统疾病。结论：大多数老年人口患有非传染性疾病。需要各级医疗保健服务，特别关注老年人口的疾病预防、早期检测和治疗。本研究发现肌肉骨骼、高血压、糖尿病和心理问题的患病率较高，而呼吸系统、胃肠道、牙科、耳鼻喉科、泌尿生殖系统和眼科问题的患病率较低。
