Padhye Ninad Milind, Padhye Ashvini Mukul, Bhatavadekar Neel B
Private Practitioner, Ceramco Dental Care, Mumbai, Msaharashtra, India.
Professor & Head of Department of Periodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission's Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2020 Jan-Mar;10(1):375-380. doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2019.10.002. Epub 2019 Nov 2.
The recently introduced technique of osseodensification for dental implant involves the use of special drills (Densah) run in a counter-clockwise direction at the osteotomy site. It is claimed that this causes expansion of the osteotomy site, and increases density of the bone in immediate vicinity of the osteotomy. We reviewed published papers on the primary stability attained using this drilling technique. As a secondary finding, the bone to implant contact (BIC) and the bone area fraction occupancy (BAF) was also compared between the conventional drilling protocol and the osseodensification protocol, among these articles. A Systematic search was performed in PubMed-Medline, Embase and Google Scholar for clinical/animal studies up to November 2018. A total of 12 articles, from a database of 132 articles, consisting of 8 animal histologic studies, 2 human based clinical studies, 1 case series and 1 case report were assessed. 10/12 articles measured the insertion torque values, 7/12 articles measured the BIC and 6/12 articles estimated the BAF between the two techniques. Quality assessment of 8 studies performed using ARRIVE guidelines showed that 6/8 studies had a high score. An average increase in the insertion torque, BIC and BAF was noted in the osseodensification group as compared to the conventional drilling group. Since most of these studies are non-clinical, it can be inferred that osseodensification is an efficient way to enhance primary stability of implants in low density bone in an animal model. However, extrapolation to long term clinical success cannot be ascertained until further evidence becomes available.
最近引入的用于牙种植的骨致密化技术涉及在截骨部位使用逆时针方向运行的特殊钻头（Densah）。据称，这会导致截骨部位扩张，并增加截骨部位紧邻区域的骨密度。我们回顾了关于使用这种钻孔技术获得的初期稳定性的已发表论文。作为次要发现，在这些文章中还比较了传统钻孔方案和骨致密化方案之间的骨与种植体接触（BIC）和骨面积分数占有率（BAF）。在PubMed - Medline、Embase和谷歌学术中进行了系统检索，以查找截至2018年11月的临床/动物研究。从132篇文章的数据库中总共评估了12篇文章，其中包括8项动物组织学研究、2项基于人类的临床研究、1个病例系列和1篇病例报告。12篇文章中有10篇测量了植入扭矩值，12篇文章中有7篇测量了BIC，12篇文章中有6篇估计了两种技术之间的BAF。使用ARRIVE指南对8项研究进行的质量评估表明，8项研究中有6项得分较高。与传统钻孔组相比，骨致密化组的植入扭矩、BIC和BAF平均有所增加。由于这些研究大多是非临床研究，因此可以推断，在动物模型中，骨致密化是提高低密度骨中种植体初期稳定性的有效方法。然而，在获得进一步证据之前，无法确定能否推断出长期临床成功。
