Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2020 Oct;303(10):2561-2577. doi: 10.1002/ar.24315. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
Despite the rarity of renal tumors in children, many different types of malignant and nonmalignant renal neoplasms have been described. Therefore, the correct diagnosis and clinical management of these patients can represent a challenge. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the commonly diagnosed pediatric renal malignancies, including nephroblastoma (commonly known as Wilms tumor), clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, rhabdoid tumor of the kidney, several subtypes of renal cell tumors (often collectively termed renal cell carcinoma), and congenital mesoblastic nephroma. The epidemiology, pathology, treatments, underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms, and proposed developmental origins are discussed in detail, highlighting differential features and potential improved therapeutic strategies for affected individuals.
尽管儿童肾肿瘤较为罕见，但已有许多不同类型的恶性和良性肾肿瘤被描述。因此，正确诊断和临床管理这些患者可能是一项挑战。在这里，我们全面回顾了常见的小儿肾恶性肿瘤，包括肾母细胞瘤（俗称威尔姆斯瘤）、肾透明细胞肉瘤、肾横纹肌样瘤、几种肾细胞肿瘤亚型（通常统称为肾细胞癌）和先天性中胚层肾瘤。详细讨论了其流行病学、病理学、治疗方法、潜在的遗传和分子机制以及提出的发育起源，突出了不同特征和潜在的个体化治疗策略。
