Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.
Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2020 Jan;44(1):168-177. doi: 10.1111/acer.14243. Epub 2019 Dec 5.
Little is known about maternal alcohol intake in early pregnancy and the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children beyond 5 years of age. We examined the association between alcohol binge drinking and weekly alcohol intake in early pregnancy and the risk of ADHD in children followed from birth to 19 years of age.
We included 48,072 children born between 1998 and 2012, whose mothers participated in the Aarhus Birth Cohort. Maternal alcohol intake was obtained from a self-administered questionnaire completed in early pregnancy. ADHD diagnoses were retrieved from the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register and the Danish National Patient Register. Crude hazard ratio and adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of ADHD according to alcohol binge drinking or weekly intake of alcohol were calculated using the Cox regression.
Compared to children of women with no binge drinking episodes, we observed an aHR for ADHD of 0.91 (95% CI 0.76 to 1.08), 0.73 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.96), and 0.77 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.06) among children of women reporting 1, 2, and 3 or more binge drinking episodes, respectively. Among children of women drinking <1 drink per week, 1 drink per week, 2 drinks per week, and 3 or more drinks per week, we observed an aHR for ADHD of 0.87 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.03), 0.63 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.98), 1.30 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.92), and 0.78 (95% CI 0.38 to 1.59), respectively, when compared to children of women not drinking on a weekly basis.
We found no evidence that binge drinking or low alcohol intake in early pregnancy was associated with the risk of ADHD in children.
人们对孕早期母亲饮酒量以及儿童 5 岁以后患注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的风险知之甚少。我们研究了孕早期酗酒和每周饮酒与从出生到 19 岁的儿童患 ADHD 风险之间的关系。
我们纳入了 1998 年至 2012 年间出生的 48072 名儿童，其母亲参与了奥胡斯出生队列研究。母亲的酒精摄入量来自于孕早期完成的自我管理问卷。ADHD 诊断通过丹麦精神病学中央研究登记处和丹麦国家患者登记处获得。使用 Cox 回归计算了根据酗酒或每周饮酒量，ADHD 的粗风险比（HR）和调整后的风险比（aHR）。
与没有酗酒的孕妇所生的儿童相比，我们发现每周报告 1 次、2 次和 3 次或更多次酗酒的孕妇所生的儿童的 ADHD aHR 分别为 0.91（95%CI 0.76 至 1.08）、0.73（95%CI 0.56 至 0.96）和 0.77（95%CI 0.57 至 1.06）。每周饮酒量为<1 份、1 份、2 份和 3 份或更多份的孕妇所生的儿童的 ADHD aHR 分别为 0.87（95%CI 0.74 至 1.03）、0.63（95%CI 0.40 至 0.98）、1.30（95%CI 0.89 至 1.92）和 0.78（95%CI 0.38 至 1.59），与不饮酒的孕妇所生的儿童相比。
我们没有发现孕早期酗酒或低饮酒量与儿童患 ADHD 的风险相关的证据。
