Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria,
Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2019;75(2):119-122. doi: 10.1159/000503669. Epub 2019 Nov 19.
Indicators reflecting the double burden of malnutrition are rarely measured in nutrition surveys and are needed to strengthen national data systems. Indicators such as body composition reflect both metabolic response to undernutrition and obesity risk and nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases. Stable isotope techniques (SITs) provide accurate data on body composition, exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A status that are otherwise problematic with routine methods. Integration of SIT-derived nutrition indicators in data systems could improve the design and evaluation of programmes focused on obesity prevention, food fortification and infant and young child feeding practices. The Working Group at the symposium considered "how SIT-derived nutrition indicators may be integrated into surveillance systems to strengthen data availability and capacity at national and regional levels". Practical considerations for the use of SITs include cost, sample size, rigorous training and logistics. It was concluded that SITs are best suited, at present, for use in sub-samples of population surveys and for validating tools that can be scaled-up more easily in population surveys. In the long term, SITs could be applied to larger surveys following potential innovations in more affordable, hand-held devices for analysis of stable isotope enrichment in the field and simpler specimen collection protocols.
反映营养不良双重负担的指标在营养调查中很少被测量，因此需要加强国家数据系统。 例如身体成分的指标既反映了对营养不良的代谢反应，也反映了肥胖风险和与营养相关的非传染性疾病。 稳定同位素技术（SIT）可提供有关身体成分、纯母乳喂养和维生素 A 状况的准确数据，而常规方法在这些方面存在问题。 将 SIT 衍生的营养指标纳入数据系统可以改善针对肥胖预防、食品强化和婴幼儿喂养实践的方案的设计和评估。 研讨会的工作组审议了“如何将 SIT 衍生的营养指标纳入监测系统，以加强国家和区域各级的数据提供和能力”。 使用 SIT 的实际考虑因素包括成本、样本量、严格的培训和后勤。 结论是，目前 SIT 最适合用于人群调查的子样本，以及验证可在人群调查中更轻松扩展的工具。 从长远来看，随着现场稳定同位素富集分析的更实惠、手持式设备的潜在创新以及更简单的样本采集方案，SIT 可以应用于更大规模的调查。
