Miyamoto M M, Koop B F, Slightom J L, Goodman M, Tennant M R
Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7627-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.20.7627.
We obtained 5' and 3' flanking sequences (5.4 kilobase pairs) from the psi eta-globin gene region of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and combined them with available nucleotide data. The completed sequence, representing 10.8 kilobase pairs of contiguous noncoding DNA, was compared to the same orthologous regions available for human (Homo sapiens, as represented by five different alleles), common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), and orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). The nucleotide sequence for Macaca mulatta provided the outgroup perspective needed to evaluate better the relationships of humans and great apes. Pairwise comparisons and parsimony analysis of these orthologues clearly demonstrated (i) that humans and great apes share a high degree of genetic similarity and (ii) that humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas form a natural monophyletic group. These conclusions strongly favor a genealogical classification for higher primates consisting of a single family (Hominidae) with two subfamilies (Homininae for Homo, Pan, and Gorilla and Ponginae for Pongo).
我们从恒河猴（猕猴属）的ψη-珠蛋白基因区域获得了5'和3'侧翼序列（5.4千碱基对），并将它们与现有的核苷酸数据相结合。完整的序列代表10.8千碱基对的连续非编码DNA，与人类（智人，由五个不同等位基因代表）、普通黑猩猩（黑猩猩属）、大猩猩（大猩猩属）和猩猩（红毛猩猩属）的相同直系同源区域进行了比较。恒河猴的核苷酸序列提供了评估人类与类人猿关系所需的外类群视角。对这些直系同源物的成对比较和简约分析清楚地表明：（i）人类与类人猿具有高度的遗传相似性；（ii）人类、黑猩猩和大猩猩形成一个自然的单系类群。这些结论强烈支持将高等灵长类进行谱系分类，即由一个单一的科（人科）和两个亚科（人亚科包括智人、黑猩猩属和大猩猩属，猩猩亚科包括红毛猩猩属）组成。
