Al-Badri Ahmed Mahdi, Bargooth Ali Fayadh, Al-Jebori Jafar Ghazi, Zegyer Esraa Abdul Khaliq
Department of Biology, College of Science, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq.
Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq.
Vet World. 2019 Sep;12(9):1372-1377. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1372-1377.
This study aimed to distinguish carbon nanotube (CNT) particles and their pathological effects on the liver of birds in areas with carbon emissions.
Twenty-one domestic ducks were collected from pure farmers and exposed to different sources of air pollution. Histological stains were used to detect the accumulation of carbon particles. In addition, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining was used to detect apoptosis, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique was used to determine the morphological design of carbon particles.
Light microscope results showed that the liver sections contain multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) which appear as black spots in the hepatic parenchyma. The histopathological changes of parenchyma include sinusoidal dilatation, infiltration, and congestion with frequently high number of macrophages. In general, early destruction of hepatic parenchyma was observed. Moreover, SEM results showed two morphological types of CNTs: The ball-shaped nanoparticles scattered as ultrafine carbon black and fiber form of carbon particles were recognized as MWCNTs in the hepatic tissue. Fluorescence microscopy results showed the early and progressive stages of apoptosis in the hepatic cells of birds in polluted areas, which can be related to the degree and exposure period to pollutants.
The study indicates that liver morbidity of birds living in the farms affected by the pollution of brick factories is higher than the birds living in farms affected by the pollution of oil fields.
本研究旨在区分碳排放地区碳纳米管（CNT）颗粒及其对鸟类肝脏的病理影响。
从纯农户处收集21只家鸭，使其暴露于不同来源的空气污染中。使用组织学染色检测碳颗粒的积累。此外，使用吖啶橙/溴化乙锭染色检测细胞凋亡，并使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术确定碳颗粒的形态设计。
光学显微镜结果显示，肝脏切片含有多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT），在肝实质中表现为黑点。实质的组织病理学变化包括窦状扩张、浸润和充血，巨噬细胞数量经常较多。总体而言，观察到肝实质的早期破坏。此外，SEM结果显示了两种形态类型的碳纳米管：在肝组织中，呈球形纳米颗粒状散布的超细炭黑和纤维状碳颗粒被识别为多壁碳纳米管。荧光显微镜结果显示，污染地区鸟类肝细胞凋亡处于早期和进展阶段，这可能与污染物的程度和暴露时间有关。
该研究表明，生活在受砖厂污染影响的农场中的鸟类肝脏发病率高于生活在受油田污染影响的农场中的鸟类。
