Nugroho Johanes, Yuniarti Wiwik Misaco, Wardhana Ardyan, Ghea Cornelia
Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2019 Sep;12(9):1448-1453. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1448-1453.
Several difficulties are involved in creating models for myocardial infarction (MI) in animals, such as low survival rates after acute MI, complicated techniques in creating animal models, complexities in confirming acute MI incidence, and complex surgical tools needed in the process. This study aimed to develop an animal model for acute MI using Wistar rats utilizing simple instruments that are readily available in standard animal laboratories.
We induced MI in 48 Wistar rats using the left anterior descending coronary artery ligation modification technique without tracheal incision and ventilator. This ligation technique was performed 1-2 mm distal to the left atrial appendage. MI occurrence was evaluated using heart enzyme parameters 24 h post-ligation and histological studies of the infarcted area 6 weeks after the ligation. Rats were divided into the coronary artery ligation group and sham group.
Of the 48 rats, 24 (50%) died within 24 h post-ligation, but no further deaths occurred in the next follow-up period of 6 weeks. The average infarct size in six rats within 24 h of ligation was 35%±5.7%. The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase level of the group treated with coronary artery ligation was statistically significantly higher than that of the sham group (p=0.000).
We developed an MI rat model with consistent infarction size, in which the long-term death of rats was not observed. Our ligation technique for an MI rat model can be a reference for experimental settings without ventilators for small animals.
在动物中创建心肌梗死（MI）模型存在诸多困难，例如急性心肌梗死后存活率低、创建动物模型的技术复杂、确认急性心肌梗死发生率的复杂性以及该过程所需的复杂手术工具。本研究旨在利用标准动物实验室中易于获得的简单器械，为Wistar大鼠开发一种急性心肌梗死动物模型。
我们采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎改良技术，在48只Wistar大鼠中诱导心肌梗死，无需气管切开和呼吸机。该结扎技术在左心耳远端1 - 2毫米处进行。在结扎后24小时使用心脏酶参数评估心肌梗死的发生情况，并在结扎后6周对梗死区域进行组织学研究。将大鼠分为冠状动脉结扎组和假手术组。
48只大鼠中，24只（50%）在结扎后24小时内死亡，但在接下来的6周随访期内没有进一步死亡。结扎后24小时内6只大鼠的平均梗死面积为35%±5.7%。冠状动脉结扎组的血清谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶水平显著高于假手术组（p = 0.000）。
我们开发了一种梗死面积一致的心肌梗死大鼠模型，未观察到大鼠的长期死亡。我们的心肌梗死大鼠模型结扎技术可为无呼吸机的小动物实验设置提供参考。
