Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Sugarcane Research Station, St. Gabriel, LA.
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL.
J Econ Entomol. 2020 Feb 8;113(1):263-272. doi: 10.1093/jee/toz284.
The West Indian canefly, Saccharosydne saccharivora (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is a sporadic pest of sugarcane in Louisiana which has recently emerged as a more consistent threat with outbreaks occurring in 2012, 2016, 2017, and 2019. Surveys of commercial fields in 2016 revealed that S. saccharivora infestations were present throughout Louisiana sugarcane and populations peaked in mid-June before declining. High minimum winter temperatures are generally associated with S. saccharivora outbreaks. Six insecticide evaluations demonstrated effective control with several insecticides including λ-cyhalothrin, flupyradifurone, acetamiprid, and imidacloprid. In five of the six insecticide trials, S. saccharivora infestations had substantially declined by 21 d after treatment. Effects of insecticidal control of S. saccharivora on sugar yields were detected in one of four small plot trials in which yield data were collected. Linear regression revealed S. saccharivora cumulative insect days in a grid sampling study were inversely associated with sugar yields. Results from these collective experiments suggest impacts on sugar yields are influenced by pest density and infestation duration. Differences were detected in numbers of S. saccharivora nymphs and adults as well as sooty mold coverage among commercial sugarcane cultivars with more than twofold increases in the most susceptible compared to resistant cultivars. The research presented herein documents the impact of S. saccharivora to Louisiana sugarcane and provides important ground work for developing effective pest management strategies. Future research efforts should aim to identify ecological factors influencing population dynamics, varietal preferences, and economic thresholds.
西印度蔗蜍，Saccharosydne saccharivora (Westwood)（半翅目：飞虱科），是路易斯安那州甘蔗的一种偶发性害虫，近年来已成为更为常见的威胁，2012 年、2016 年、2017 年和 2019 年均爆发过疫情。2016 年对商业田地的调查显示，路易斯安那州的甘蔗田中普遍存在 S. saccharivora 虫害，其种群在 6 月中旬达到峰值，然后下降。冬季最低温度高通常与 S. saccharivora 的爆发有关。六项杀虫剂评估表明，包括 λ-氯氟氰菊酯、氟氯虫双酰胺、噻虫胺和吡虫啉在内的几种杀虫剂都能有效控制该虫害。在六项杀虫剂试验中的五项中，处理后 21 天，S. saccharivora 的感染率大幅下降。在四个小型试验田的试验中，有一个试验检测到了对 S. saccharivora 进行虫害防治对糖产量的影响。线性回归显示，在网格抽样研究中，S. saccharivora 的累积昆虫天数与糖产量呈反比。这些综合实验的结果表明，对糖产量的影响受虫害密度和感染持续时间的影响。在商业甘蔗品种中，S. saccharivora 若虫和成虫的数量以及煤烟霉菌的覆盖度存在差异，与抗性品种相比，最敏感的品种增加了两倍多。本文所介绍的研究记录了 S. saccharivora 对路易斯安那州甘蔗的影响，并为制定有效的害虫管理策略提供了重要的基础。未来的研究工作应旨在确定影响种群动态、品种偏好和经济阈值的生态因素。
