Lages Martin, Heron Suzanne
School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK.
Psychological Institute, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Vision (Basel). 2019 Nov 19;3(4):64. doi: 10.3390/vision3040064.
Like many predators, humans have forward-facing eyes that are set a short distance apart so that an extensive region of the visual field is seen from two different points of view. The human visual system can establish a three-dimensional (3D) percept from the projection of images into the left and right eye. How the visual system integrates local motion and binocular depth in order to accomplish 3D motion perception is still under investigation. Here, we propose a geometric-statistical model that combines noisy velocity constraints with a spherical motion prior to solve the aperture problem in 3D. In two psychophysical experiments, it is shown that instantiations of this model can explain how human observers disambiguate 3D line motion direction behind a circular aperture. We discuss the implications of our results for the processing of motion and dynamic depth in the visual system.
与许多捕食者一样，人类的眼睛向前，两眼间距较短，从而能从两个不同视角看到广阔的视野区域。人类视觉系统可以根据图像在左右眼的投影建立三维（3D）感知。视觉系统如何整合局部运动和双眼深度以实现3D运动感知仍在研究之中。在此，我们提出一种几何统计模型，该模型将有噪声的速度约束与球面运动先验相结合，以解决3D中的孔径问题。在两项心理物理学实验中，结果表明该模型的实例能够解释人类观察者如何消除圆形孔径后3D线条运动方向的歧义。我们讨论了研究结果对视觉系统中运动和动态深度处理的意义。
