Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2019 Nov 19;9(11):751. doi: 10.3390/biom9110751.
Ruminant fats are characterized by different levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3, ALA), according to animal diet. Tissue fatty acids and their N-acylethanolamides were analyzed in male obese Zucker rats fed diets containing lamb meat fat with different fatty acid profiles: (A) enriched in CLA; (B) enriched in ALA and low in CLA; (C) low in ALA and CLA; and one containing a mixture of olive and corn oils: (D) high in linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA) and ALA, in order to evaluate early lipid metabolism markers. No changes in body and liver weights were observed. CLA and ALA were incorporated into most tissues, mirroring the dietary content; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increased according to dietary ALA, which was strongly influenced by CLA. The n-3 highly-unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) score, biomarker of the n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio, was increased in tissues of rats fed animal fats high in CLA and/or ALA compared to those fed vegetable fat. DHA and CLA were associated with a significant increase in oleoylethanolamide and decrease in anandamide in subcutaneous fat. The results showed that meat fat nutritional values are strongly influenced by their CLA and ALA contents, modulating the tissue n-3 HUFA score.
反刍动物脂肪的共轭亚油酸（CLA）和α-亚麻酸（18:3n-3，ALA）水平因动物的饮食而异。研究分析了雄性肥胖 Zucker 大鼠在不同脂肪酸组成的羊肉脂肪饮食下组织脂肪酸及其 N-酰基乙醇酰胺：（A）CLA 丰富；（B）ALA 丰富且 CLA 含量低；（C）ALA 和 CLA 含量低；以及含有橄榄油和玉米油混合物的饮食：（D）富含亚油酸（18:2n-6，LA）和 ALA，以评估早期脂质代谢标志物。体重和肝脏重量没有变化。CLA 和 ALA 被掺入大多数组织中，反映了饮食中的含量；二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）根据饮食中的 ALA 增加，而 ALA 受 CLA 的强烈影响。n-3 高度不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）评分是 n-3/n-6 脂肪酸比例的生物标志物，与食用富含 CLA 和/或 ALA 的动物脂肪的大鼠组织相比，食用植物脂肪的大鼠组织中的 n-3 HUFA 评分增加。DHA 和 CLA 与皮下脂肪中油酸乙醇酰胺的显著增加和花生四烯酸的减少有关。结果表明，肉脂肪的营养价值受其 CLA 和 ALA 含量的强烈影响，调节组织中的 n-3 HUFA 评分。
