Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria; Health Policy Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu-Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Applied Psychology, Cardiff Metropolitan University, United Kingdom.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2019 Dec;33(6):138-143. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2019.10.001. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
Schizophrenic symptoms have often been associated with antisocial behaviours (ASBs). Most studies have focused on violence. The association between schizophrenia and violence is often confounded by socio demographic characteristics of patients. Overemphasis on diagnosis, rather than traits, and the traditional focus on violence may have obscured associations between psychotic features and antisocial behaviour. In this study, an analogue sample (n = 604, females = 54.4%, mean age = 21.46, SD = 5.89) completed self-report measures of schizotypy and antisocial behaviours. The aim was to identify the strength of associations between different schizotypal traits/symptoms (unusual experiences, cognitive disorganisation, impulsivity & introvertive anhedonia) and different forms of antisocial behaviour (rule breaking, physical aggression & social aggression). Differential patterns of association between genders were also considered. Traits akin to positive symptoms were more strongly associated with antisocial behaviours. Impulsive non-conformity was associated with rule breaking, physical aggression and social aggression for both males and females whilst unusual experiences traits were associated with physical and social aggression in both males and females but had only a weak (gender-nonspecific) association with rule breaking. Finally, cognitive disorganisation was not associated with any class of ASB for males but was associated with physical and social aggression in females. These specific associations could inform the development of more targeted treatment approaches for specific types of ASBs in males and females.
精神分裂症症状通常与反社会行为（ASB）有关。大多数研究都集中在暴力行为上。精神分裂症与暴力之间的关联常常受到患者社会人口统计学特征的混淆。过分强调诊断，而不是特征，以及传统上对暴力的关注，可能掩盖了精神病特征与反社会行为之间的关联。在这项研究中，一个模拟样本（n=604，女性=54.4%，平均年龄=21.46，SD=5.89）完成了精神分裂症特质和反社会行为的自我报告测量。目的是确定不同精神分裂症特质/症状（异常体验、认知紊乱、冲动和内向性快感缺失）与不同形式的反社会行为（违反规则、身体攻击和社会攻击）之间的关联强度。还考虑了不同性别之间的关联差异模式。与阳性症状相似的特质与反社会行为的关联更强。冲动的不遵守规则与男性和女性的违反规则、身体攻击和社会攻击有关，而异常体验特质与男性和女性的身体和社会攻击有关，但与违反规则的关联较弱（性别非特异性）。最后，认知紊乱与男性的任何一类 ASB 均无关，但与女性的身体和社会攻击有关。这些特定的关联可以为男性和女性特定类型的 ASB 制定更有针对性的治疗方法提供信息。
