Miller L S, Burns S A
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-3013, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1995 Oct;183(10):657-61. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199510000-00007.
Research with self-report measures of schizotypic or psychosis-prone features in nonclinical populations suggests that, similarly to schizophrenic populations, males score higher on more "negative" schizotypic features and females score higher on more "positive" schizotypic features. We administered the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire and the Chapman Scales of Psychosis Proneness--impulsivity/nonconformity, magical ideation, perceptual aberration, physical anhedonia, and social anhedonia--to a large, nonclinical, young adult sample (N = 1179: 453 males and 726 females). Results indicated increased negative symptomatology in males compared with females, but not increased positive symptomatology in females compared with males. Findings on Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire factors suggested that interpersonal deficits differed by gender as well. Finally, a measure of impulsive behavior and nonconformity not typically associated with negative symptomatology indicated gender differences not predicted by a negative/positive dichotomy.
针对非临床人群中分裂型或易患精神病特征的自我报告测量研究表明，与精神分裂症患者群体类似，男性在更多“阴性”分裂型特征上得分更高，而女性在更多“阳性”分裂型特征上得分更高。我们对一个规模较大的非临床青年成人样本（N = 1179：453名男性和726名女性）施测了分裂型人格问卷以及精神病易感性查普曼量表——冲动性/非从众性、奇幻观念、知觉异常、躯体快感缺失和社交快感缺失。结果表明，与女性相比，男性的阴性症状有所增加，但与男性相比，女性的阳性症状并未增加。分裂型人格问卷各因素的研究结果表明，人际关系缺陷也存在性别差异。最后，一项通常与阴性症状无关的冲动行为和非从众性测量表明，性别差异并非由阴性/阳性二分法所预测。
