Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop) & Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (Bio-D Tropika), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop) & Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (Bio-D Tropika), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Engineering, University College of Technology Sarawak, 96000, Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 May 15;390:121649. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121649. Epub 2019 Nov 12.
Improving the sustainability and cost-effectiveness of biochar production is crucial to meet increased global market demand. Here, we developed a single-step microwave steam activation (STMSA) as a simplified yet efficient method to produce microwave activated biochar (MAB) from waste palm shell (WPS). The STMSA recorded a higher heating rate (70 °C/min) and higher conversion (45 wt%) of WPS into highly microporous MAB (micropore surface area of 679.22 m/g) in contrast with the conventional heating approach (≤ 12-17 wt%). The MAB was then applied as biosorbent for hazardous landfill leachate (LL) treatment and the adsorption performance was compared with commercial activated carbon under different pH, adsorbent quantity, adsorbate concentrations, and contact times. The MAB demonstrated high adsorption capacity, achieving maximum adsorption efficiency at 595 mg/g and 65 % removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) with 0.4 g/L of adsorbent amount under optimal acidic conditions (pH ≈ 2-3) after 24 h of contact time. The Freundlich isotherm and pseudo second-order kinetic models were well-fitted to explain the equilibrium adsorption and kinetics. The results indicate the viability of STMSA as a fast and efficient approach to produce activated biochar as a biosorbent for the treatment of hazardous landfill leachate.
提高生物炭生产的可持续性和成本效益对于满足不断增长的全球市场需求至关重要。在这里，我们开发了一种单步微波蒸汽活化（STMSA）方法，作为一种简化而有效的方法，可从废棕榈壳（WPS）中生产微波活化生物炭（MAB）。与传统加热方法（≤ 12-17 wt%）相比，STMSA 记录了更高的加热速率（70°C/min）和更高的 WPS 转化率（45 wt%），转化为高度微孔 MAB（微孔表面积为 679.22 m/g）。然后，将 MAB 用作危险垃圾填埋场渗滤液（LL）的生物吸附剂，并在不同 pH 值、吸附剂用量、吸附质浓度和接触时间下，将其吸附性能与商业活性炭进行比较。MAB 表现出高吸附容量，在最佳酸性条件（pH ≈ 2-3）下，吸附剂用量为 0.4 g/L 时，接触 24 小时后，吸附容量达到最大，为 595 mg/g，COD 去除率为 65%。Freundlich 等温线和拟二级动力学模型很好地拟合了平衡吸附和动力学。结果表明，STMSA 作为一种快速有效的方法生产生物炭作为生物吸附剂处理危险垃圾填埋场渗滤液具有可行性。
