College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
Changde Dabeinong Ltd, Changde, China.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2020 Feb;70(2):109-117. doi: 10.1111/lam.13251. Epub 2019 Dec 13.
Gut microbiota plays important roles in host nutrition, immunity, development and health; therefore, disruption of the gut microbiota is closely associated with development of diseases in the host. In amphibians, metamorphosis is associated not only with extensive changes in the gut microbiota, but also with high mortality. Therefore, we hypothesized that unsuccessful restructuring of the gut microbiota during metamorphosis was an important factor that caused the fatalities. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the gut microbiota of apparently sick and healthy giant spiny frog tadpoles during metamorphosis, using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results showed that most dominant phyla differed significantly among developmental stages of sick and healthy Paa spinosa tadpoles. The differences in the dominant genera in sick and healthy tadpoles were the highest at the stage of degeneration of cloacal tube (TDCT). After the metamorphosis, the composition of the gut microbiota was more alike between healthy and sick tadpoles at the stage of forelimb emergence than at TDCT. These results imply that failed restructuring of the gut microbiota during metamorphosis caused the death of P. spinosa tadpoles. These results provided an important reference to prevent the high actual of P. spinosa tadpoles during metamorphosis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: We investigated the gut microbiota of apparently sick and healthy giant spiny frog (Paa spinosa) tadpoles during metamorphosis, using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results showed that the differences in the dominant genera in sick and healthy tadpoles were the highest at the stage of degeneration of cloacal tube. After the metamorphosis, the composition of the gut microbiota was alike between healthy and sick tadpoles. These results imply that failed restructuring of the gut microbiota during metamorphosis caused the death of P. spinosa tadpoles.
肠道微生物群在宿主的营养、免疫、发育和健康中发挥着重要作用；因此，肠道微生物群的破坏与宿主疾病的发展密切相关。在两栖动物中，变态不仅伴随着肠道微生物群的广泛变化，而且伴随着高死亡率。因此，我们假设在变态过程中肠道微生物群的不成功重构是导致死亡的一个重要因素。为了验证这一假设，我们使用 16S rRNA 基因高通量测序技术，研究了明显患病和健康巨型棘蛙蝌蚪变态过程中的肠道微生物群。我们的结果表明，在患病和健康的棘蛙蝌蚪的不同发育阶段，大多数主要类群有显著差异。在泄殖腔管退化阶段（TDCT），患病和健康蝌蚪的主要属差异最大。变态后，在出现前肢阶段，健康和患病蝌蚪的肠道微生物群组成比 TDCT 更相似。这些结果表明，变态过程中肠道微生物群的重构失败导致了棘蛙蝌蚪的死亡。这些结果为防止棘蛙蝌蚪在变态过程中的高死亡率提供了重要参考。
我们使用 16S rRNA 基因高通量测序技术，研究了明显患病和健康的巨型棘蛙（Paa spinosa）蝌蚪变态过程中的肠道微生物群。我们的结果表明，在泄殖腔管退化阶段，患病和健康蝌蚪的主要属差异最大。变态后，健康和患病蝌蚪的肠道微生物群组成相似。这些结果表明，变态过程中肠道微生物群的重构失败导致了棘蛙蝌蚪的死亡。
